{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:41:33Z","timestamp":1790358093525,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581984000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trop Doct"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is an acute bacterial infection of ascitic fluid without an obvious source. The prevalence of SBP in patients with cirrhosis is in the range of 10%\u201330%. With increasing use of antibiotics, there is a gradual shift in the causative flora of SBP from Gram-negative bacteria to Gram-positive and, more importantly, to drug-resistant bacteria. The aim of this retrospective study on 721 cases was to identify the prevalence of various organisms causing SBP along with their drug sensitivity and resistance patterns. A prevalence of 38.2% culture positivity was observed in our South Indian population. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen isolated. Third-generation cephalosporins showed high rates of resistance, but a susceptibility of 74.5% to amikacin was found. Nonetheless, 42% of culture-positive isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, the highest rates being seen with Enterococcus faecium (64.2%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (71.4%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475520905745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T00:41:49Z","timestamp":1582072909000},"page":"138-141","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Microbiological profile of pathogens in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis secondary to liver cirrhosis: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Hitisha","family":"Mittal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MBBS Student, Department of Medicine, JIPMER, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0633-4864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukta","family":"Wyawahare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Additional Professor, Department of Medicine, JIPMER, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujata","family":"Sistla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, JIPMER, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.05.004"},{"key":"bibr2-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.12.005"},{"key":"bibr3-0049475520905745","first-page":"121","volume":"36","author":"Kl\u00edmov\u00e1 K","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"key":"bibr4-0049475520905745","first-page":"4568","volume":"17","author":"Guo J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"bibr5-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000964"},{"key":"bibr6-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13266"},{"key":"bibr7-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i15.4049"},{"key":"bibr8-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.12.036"},{"key":"bibr9-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6963910"},{"key":"bibr10-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.35.1.17"},{"key":"bibr11-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-05519-4"},{"key":"bibr12-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S172587"},{"key":"bibr13-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3101-1"},{"key":"bibr14-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001057"},{"key":"bibr15-0049475520905745","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/ceh.2018.80123"}],"container-title":["Tropical Doctor"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0049475520905745","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0049475520905745","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0049475520905745","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:32:06Z","timestamp":1777642326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0049475520905745"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0049475520905745"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0049475520905745","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4755","1758-1133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4755","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]]}}}