{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T18:29:11Z","timestamp":1786386551160,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trop Doct"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates. Aerosolized (nebulized) surfactant offers a non-invasive safe alternative. However, its safety, feasibility, and clinical effectiveness in low-resource settings remain under-investigated. Fifteen inborn preterm neonates \u2265 28 weeks of gestation with RDS requiring FiO2 &gt;30% on NIPPV were administered Neosurf surfactant via aerogen vibrating mesh nebulizer. Each enrolled neonate was matched to three historical controls (n = 45) who received surfactant via INSURE. The primary outcome was the need for repeat surfactant dosing within 72 hours. Repeat surfactant dosing was required in 13.3% (2\/15) of the nebulized group vs. 11.1% (5\/45) of controls (p = 0.08). Nebulized surfactant delivery using a vibrating mesh nebulizer is safe, well tolerated, and feasible in preterm neonates \u226528 weeks gestation with RDS on non-invasive ventilation. Larger randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm efficacy and optimize delivery strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00494755261476389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T17:02:00Z","timestamp":1786208520000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nebulized surfactant in preterm neonates \u226434 weeks of gestation with respiratory distress syndrome: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1286-1364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandeep","family":"Jhajra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Tata Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay Kumar","family":"Tanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Tata Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veera","family":"Harshini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Manipal Tata Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi Kumari","family":"Soni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5836-6326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Tata Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.23.289727"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30451-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-023-01690-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.923010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants","volume":"10","author":"Ho JJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ho JJ, Subramaniam P, Davis PG. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 10: CD002271.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","article-title":"Surfactant therapy via thin catheter in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Abdel-Latif ME","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdel-Latif ME, Davis PG, Wheeler KI, et al. Surfactant therapy via thin catheter in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome. 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