{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T03:02:42Z","timestamp":1789873362898,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trop Doct"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The rapid expansion of digital technology has revolutionized education, communication and healthcare but created a parallel crisis: e-waste. Globally, 53.6 million tonnes were generated in 2019, with only 17.4% formally recycled. The remainder is processed through unsafe methods such as open burning, acid leaching and crude dismantling. Children and pregnant women are especially vulnerable due to rapid growth, immature organs and special circumstances. India is the world's third-largest e-waste generator, producing 1.71 million tonnes annually,\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">1<\/jats:xref>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    while WHO estimates report 3230 kilotons in 2019.\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">1<\/jats:xref>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    Over 90% is handled informally, often involving child labour or exposure in contaminated communities. Documented childhood injury includes impaired neurodevelopment, poor birth outcomes, respiratory illness, endocrine disruption, immune dysfunction, DNA damage and higher lifetime risk of chronic diseases. Despite E-Waste Management Rules, awareness among paediatricians, policymakers and parents remains limited. Urgent measures include training, biomonitoring, prohibition of child labour and integration of e-waste risks into national child health programmes. Protecting children from e-waste is both a health necessity and a developmental imperative aligned with many local Sustainable Development Goals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00494755261491010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:44:18Z","timestamp":1789656258000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protecting future generations from E-waste: Policy gaps and WHO's call to action"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2013-8173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarthak","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Additional Professor, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8764-7450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saroj Kumar","family":"Tripathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8507-3353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Archana","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"The Global E-waste Monitor 2020: Quantities, flows and the circular economy potential","author":"Forti V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forti V, Bald\u00e9 CP, Kuehr R, et al. The Global E-waste Monitor 2020: Quantities, flows and the circular economy potential. United Nations University (UNU)\/United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), International Telecommunication Union (ITU), International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","volume-title":"Children and digital dumpsites: e-waste exposure and child health [Internet]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Children and digital dumpsites: e-waste exposure and child health [Internet]. World Health Organization, 2021, [cited 2026 May 2]. Available from: WHO publication page."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","volume-title":"Decent work in the management of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste): Issues paper for the Global Dialogue Forum on Decent Work in the Management of Electrical and Electronic Waste (E-waste)","author":"International Labour Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"International Labour Organization. Decent work in the management of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste): Issues paper for the Global Dialogue Forum on Decent Work in the Management of Electrical and Electronic Waste (E-waste). ILO, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.03.138"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.07.129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-2713-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2011.0151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.05.081"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","unstructured":"Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change Government of India. E-Waste (Management) Rules 2016. Gazette of India Extraordinary. New Delhi: Government of India; 2016 Mar 23. Notification No. G.S.R. 338(E)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"E- Waste Management Rules amended [Key Highlights]. E-Waste Management Rules Amended (Key Highlights). 27 March 2018. Available from: https:\/\/blog.scconline.com\/post\/2018\/03\/27\/e-waste-management-amendment-rules-2018-notified."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Government of India. Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) [Internet]. New Delhi: Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation; [cited 2025 Sep 10]. Available from: Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation Government of India: Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"Government of India. Digital India [Internet]. New Delhi: Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology; 2015 [cited 2025 Sep 10]. Available from: https:\/\/www.digitalindia.gov.in\/."}],"container-title":["Tropical Doctor"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00494755261491010","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00494755261491010","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00494755261491010","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T02:46:26Z","timestamp":1789872386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00494755261491010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00494755261491010"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00494755261491010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4755","1758-1133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4755","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"article-number":"00494755261491010"}}