{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:14:07Z","timestamp":1792588447644,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Psychiatry Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The authors present the case of an inpatient hospitalized at the Veterans Affairs psychiatric unit diagnosed with Wernicke\u2013Korsakoff syndrome to promote awareness of this prevalent yet often underdiagnosed and undertreated condition. Although Veterans present with a unique predisposition for alcohol abuse, it remains problematic in the general population as well. Analysis from 2000 to 2003 reveals alcohol use in the past month in Veterans at 56.6% and 50.8% in comparable non-Veterans. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, it is estimated that of those who are 18 and older, 86.4% have used alcohol, 26.9% have engaged in binge drinking in the past month, 7% engaged in heavy alcohol use in the past month, and 6.2% (15.1 million) carried the diagnosis of alcohol use disorder.\n                    <jats:sup>,<\/jats:sup>\n                    The lifetime prevalence of alcohol abuse in the general population is estimated to be between 4.5% and 13.2%. Primary care providers should maintain a high degree of vigilance in evaluating patients for timely diagnosis and prompt treatment of those suspected to have thiamine deficiency. Indeed, Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy carries a significant level of morbidity and mortality associated with the syndrome, even in cases when it does not present with all of the classic signs. This article aims to raise the primary and ambulatory care provider\u2019s ability to recognize the condition, emphasize a low threshold to treat, and highlight current treatment recommendations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0091217419832771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T21:52:16Z","timestamp":1551477136000},"page":"172-180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Wernicke\u2013Korsakoff syndrome: Focus on low-threshold diagnosis and prompt treatment in the primary care setting"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8347-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Fresno Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Fresno, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Gedzior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Fresno Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Fresno, CA, USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Central California Health Care System, Fresno, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dwayne","family":"DePry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Fresno Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Fresno, CA, USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Central California Health Care System, Fresno, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sechi G and Serra A. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy: new clinical settings and recent advances in diagnosis and management.\n                      Lancet Neurol\n                      2007; 6: 442\u2013455.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70104-7"},{"key":"bibr2-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomson AD, Cook CCH, Guerrini I, et al. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy revisited. Translation of the case history section of the original manuscript by Carl Wernicke\n                      \u2018Lehrbuch der Gehirnkrankheiten fur Aerzte and Studirende\u2019\n                      (1881) with commentary.\n                      Alcohol Alcohol\n                      2008; 43: 174\u2013179.","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agm144"},{"key":"bibr3-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teeters  JB, Lancaster  CL, Brown  DG, et al.  Substance use disorders in military veterans: prevalence and treatment challenges.\n                      Subst Abuse Rehabil\n                      2017; 8: 69\u201377.","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S116720"},{"key":"bibr4-0091217419832771","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Table 2.41B: alcohol use in lifetime, past year, and past month among persons aged 12 or older, by demographic characteristics: percentages, 2014 and 2015, www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015.htm#tab2-41b (2016, accessed 31 July 2018)."},{"key":"bibr5-0091217419832771","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Table 2.46B: alcohol use, binge alcohol use, and heavy alcohol use in past month among persons aged 12 or older, by demographic characteristics: percentages, 2014 and 2015, www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015.htm#tab2-46b (2016, accessed 31 July 2018)."},{"key":"bibr6-0091217419832771","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Table 5.6A: substance use disorder in past year among persons aged 18 or older, by demographic characteristics: numbers in thousands, 2014 and 2015, www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015.htm#tab5-6a (2016, accessed 31 July 2018)."},{"key":"bibr7-0091217419832771","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Table 5.6B: Substance use disorder in past year among persons aged 18 or older, by demographic characteristics: percentages, 2014 and 2015, www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015\/NSDUH-DetTabs-2015.htm#tab5-6b (2016, accessed 31 July 2018)."},{"key":"bibr8-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.7.830"},{"key":"bibr9-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.130091"},{"key":"bibr10-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01991779"},{"key":"bibr11-0091217419832771","volume":"7","author":"Day E","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr12-0091217419832771","first-page":"21","volume":"23","author":"Thomson AD","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pract Gastroenterol"},{"key":"bibr13-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isenberg-Grzeda E, Kutner HE and Nicolson SE. Wernicke\u2013Korsakoff-syndrome: under-recognized and under-treated.\n                      Psychosomatics\n                      2012; 53: 507\u2013516.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2012.04.008"},{"key":"bibr14-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agabio R. Thiamine administration in alcohol-dependent patients.\n                      Alcohol Alcohol\n                      2005; 40: 155\u2013156.","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agh106"},{"key":"bibr15-0091217419832771","unstructured":"Blanchard G. Evaluation of altered mental status. BMJ Best Practice, https:\/\/bestpractice.bmj.com\/topics\/enus\/843 (2018, accessed 7 February 2018)."},{"key":"bibr16-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/35.Supplement_1.16"},{"key":"bibr17-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2007.02.007"},{"key":"bibr18-0091217419832771","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a008400"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0091217419832771","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0091217419832771","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0091217419832771","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:14:56Z","timestamp":1777457696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0091217419832771"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0091217419832771"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0091217419832771","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-2174","1541-3527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-2174","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-3527","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]}}}