{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T09:41:45Z","timestamp":1777714905549,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hangzhou Science and Technology Project","award":["A20210538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A20210538"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Project","award":["2024KY1369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024KY1369"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Psychiatry Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically evaluate the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) combined with antidepressant medication in patients with treatment-resistant depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search of the CNKI, Wanfang, Vip, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted from their inception to January 1, 2025. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of ECT combined with antidepressant medication in patients with treatment resistant depression were included. The experimental group received ECT combined with antidepressant drugs, while the control group received either ECT alone or ECT combined with a placebo. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.2 software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 11 randomized controlled trials involving 1254 patients were included in the analysis. Patients treated with ECT combined with antidepressants showed significantly greater improvement in depressive symptoms (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.29, 95%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.47 to 0.12,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and higher remission rates (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.73, 95%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.24 to 2.40,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0. 001) compared to patients treated with ECT alone. There was no significant difference between the two groups in seizure duration (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.17, 95%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.14 to 0.49,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.28) or the incidence of adverse effects (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.15, 95%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.73 to 21.82,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.54).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination of ECT and antidepressant medication modestly improves depressive symptoms and increases remission rates in patients with treatment resistant depression. Additionally, there is no significant difference in seizure duration or the incidence of adverse reactions compared to ECT alone, suggesting a comparable safety profile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00912174251338962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T00:03:20Z","timestamp":1745971400000},"page":"50-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy combined with antidepressant medication in patients with treatment-resistant depression: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.696903"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13060116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.114972"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2023.5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10716"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S463028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001052"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","unstructured":"Higgins JP Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of intervention version 5.1.0[EB\/OL]. (accessed 20 november 2017). https:\/\/training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2024.115843"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000938"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13408"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13183"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112573"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.64719\/pb.4588"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000511"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00124509-200012000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(99)00096-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.75"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09856.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","first-page":"e35683","article-title":"Effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy for preventing relapse and recurrence of depression in adults with major depressive disorder: an updated meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"15","author":"Dar H","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dar H, Vuthaluru K, Folajimi A, et al. Effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy for preventing relapse and recurrence of depression in adults with major depressive disorder: an updated meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Cureus. 2023;15(3):e35683.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-024-02358-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.114231"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2020-1705"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2022-100868"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03601-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.16674"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867420952543"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00912174251338962","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00912174251338962","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00912174251338962","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:13:16Z","timestamp":1777457596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00912174251338962"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00912174251338962"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00912174251338962","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-2174","1541-3527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-2174","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-3527","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]}}}