{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T02:45:19Z","timestamp":1781577919730,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Aging Hum Dev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of race-based disparities in cognitive problems, functional limitations (FLs), and activity of daily living (ADL) limitations between US Black and White older adults in 2008 and 2017, to explore how age, sex, income, and education attenuate these racial disparities, and to determine if Black\u2013White health disparities are narrowing. Secondary analysis of the nationally representative American Community Surveys including 423,066 respondents aged \u226565 (388,602 White, 34,464 Black) in 2008 and 536,984 (488,483 White, 48,501 Black) in 2017. Findings indicate that Black\u2013White racial disparities were apparent for all three outcomes in 2008 and 2017. Approximately half of the racial disparities was attenuated when adjustments were made for education and income. Racial disparities in cognition declined between 2008 and 2017 ( p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) but persisted unabated in FLs and ADL limitations. Further exploration on the mechanisms of racial disparities is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00914150231196092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T12:38:31Z","timestamp":1693312711000},"page":"84-102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Black\u2013White Racial Disparities in Disabilities Among Older Americans Between 2008 and 2017: Improvements in Cognitive Disabilities but no Progress in Activities of Daily Living or Functional Limitations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Bolade Ajarat","family":"Shipeolu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4997-9865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Marie Ahlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Factor Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9705-6216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esme","family":"Fuller-Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Factor Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine & Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00914150231196092","unstructured":"Administration of Community Living. 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