{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:15:33Z","timestamp":1777536933121,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Communication Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examines how an organization's access to the media reflects two sets of influences\u2014its public relations (PR) expertise and legitimacy. A context of stem cell and the cloning debate is used to test the relationships. Two surveys and a content analysis show that the legitimacy of sources perceived by journalists has an impact on the regularity and valence of those sources' media coverage, whereas the PR expertise of sources does not have an impact on any of the media access indicators. Public relations expertise, however, shows some impact on the legitimacy of sources as perceived by journalists, indicating that legitimacy operates as an intervening variable between PR expertise and media access of sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650205281081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,26]],"date-time":"2005-10-26T19:43:18Z","timestamp":1130355798000},"page":"762-793","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Legitimacy, Public Relations, and Media Access: Proposing and Testing a Media Access Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Youngmin","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicholson School of Communication at the University of Central Florida."}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908906600411"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/016344391013004003"},{"key":"atypb3","first-page":"51","volume-title":"The mass media and environmental issues","author":"Anderson, A.","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-8111(76)80023-9"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1.2.177"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198274957.001.0001"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769900207900113"},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb8","first-page":"508","volume":"64","author":"Berkowitz, D.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journalism& Mass Communication Quarterly"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Public opinion, the press, and public policy","author":"Berkowitz, D.","year":"1992"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769909006700426"},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"100","volume-title":"Public communication: The new imperatives","author":"Blumler, J. G.","year":"1990"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203181775"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908706400106"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769900308000202"},{"issue":"3","key":"atypb15","first-page":"111","volume":"26","author":"Butler, B.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Communication"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23808985.1997.11678940"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15205436.1998.9676399"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532754xjprr1101_03"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Effective public relations","author":"Cutlip, S. M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb20","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Public opinion, the press, and public policy","author":"Danielian, L.","year":"1992"},{"key":"atypb21","first-page":"173","volume-title":"Media organizations in society","author":"Davis, A.","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/016344300022001003"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365027800500401"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1388226"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"Public officials and the press","author":"Dunn, D. D.","year":"1969"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Asystems analysis of political life","author":"Easton, D.","year":"1965"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007123400008309"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2393494"},{"key":"atypb29","volume-title":"Negotiating control: A study of news sources","author":"Ericson, R. V.","year":"1989"},{"key":"atypb30","volume-title":"Manufacturing the news","author":"Fishman, M.","year":"1980"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication","author":"Flynn, T."},{"key":"atypb32","volume-title":"Beyond agenda setting: Information subsidies and public policy","author":"Gandy, O. H., Jr.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb33","volume-title":"Deciding what's news: A study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek and Time","author":"Gans, H. J.","year":"1979"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908606300301"},{"key":"atypb35","volume-title":"The whole world is watching: Mass media and the making and unmaking of the new left","author":"Gitlin, T.","year":"1980"},{"key":"atypb36","volume-title":"Making the papers: The access of resource-poor groups to the metropolitan press","author":"Goldenberg, E. N.","year":"1975"},{"key":"atypb37","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Media organizations in society","author":"Goldsmiths Media Group","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-15881-2"},{"key":"atypb39","first-page":"150","volume-title":"The mass media and environmental issues","author":"Hansen, A.","year":"1993"},{"issue":"3","key":"atypb40","first-page":"474","volume":"68","author":"Hansen, K.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly"},{"key":"atypb41","volume-title":"Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media","author":"Herman, E. S.","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb42","volume-title":"The government\/press connection","author":"Hess, S.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb43","volume-title":"Communication and persuasion","author":"Hovland, C. I.","year":"1953"},{"key":"atypb44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/266350"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769900007700409"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00332747.1976.11023901"},{"key":"atypb47","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Public opinion, the press, and public policy","author":"Kennamer, J. D.","year":"1992"},{"key":"atypb48","first-page":"71","volume":"9","author":"Kielbowicz, R. B.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change"},{"key":"atypb49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/0198295685.003.0002"},{"key":"atypb50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-8111(82)80117-3"},{"key":"atypb51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908406100419"},{"issue":"1","key":"atypb52","first-page":"60","volume":"67","author":"Lasorsa, D. L.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly"},{"key":"atypb53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10646179309359775"},{"issue":"4","key":"atypb54","first-page":"986","volume":"65","author":"Martin, S.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly"},{"key":"atypb55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908105800115"},{"key":"atypb56","volume-title":"Readings in organization theory: Open-system approaches","author":"Maurer, J. G.","year":"1971"},{"key":"atypb57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0272-4332.213126"},{"key":"atypb58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452220727.n25"},{"key":"atypb59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01463370109385636"},{"key":"atypb60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908806500301"},{"key":"atypb61","first-page":"310","volume-title":"Perspectives on social power","author":"Michener, H. A.","year":"1974"},{"key":"atypb62","volume-title":"Don't mention the war: Northern Ireland, propaganda and the media","author":"Miller, D.","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203397404_chapter_6"},{"key":"atypb64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1532673X9202000406"},{"issue":"1","key":"atypb65","first-page":"93","volume":"12","author":"Moreno, F. J.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Sociologia Internationalis"},{"key":"atypb66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-8111(86)80048-0"},{"key":"atypb67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-8111(94)90057-4"},{"key":"atypb68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-8111(92)90020-Y"},{"key":"atypb69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-8111(92)90030-3"},{"key":"atypb70","volume-title":"Selling science","author":"Nelkin, D.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb71","volume-title":"Newsgathering inWashington","author":"Nimmo, D. D.","year":"1964"},{"key":"atypb72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/0198295685.003.0011"},{"key":"atypb73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003803857701100206"},{"key":"atypb74","volume-title":"Media power politics","author":"Paletz, D. L.","year":"1981"},{"key":"atypb75","volume-title":"Organizational analysis: A sociological view","author":"Perrow, C.","year":"1970"},{"key":"atypb76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532754xjprr0501_02"},{"key":"atypb77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769907805500317"},{"key":"atypb78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/073953299401500410"},{"key":"atypb79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908706400104"},{"key":"atypb80","volume-title":"Newsmaking","author":"Roshco, B.","year":"1975"},{"key":"atypb81","volume-title":"Prime time activism: Media strategies for grassroots organizing","author":"Ryan, C.","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769907605300108"},{"key":"atypb83","volume-title":"Media: An introductory analysis of American mass communications","author":"Sandman, P. M.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb84","first-page":"104","volume-title":"Legitimacy and the state","author":"Schaar, J. H.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb85","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Public communication: The new imperatives","author":"Schlesinger, P.","year":"1990"},{"key":"atypb86","volume-title":"Reporting crime: The media politics of criminal justice","author":"Schlesinger, P.","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb87","first-page":"421","volume-title":"An integrated approach to communication theory and research","author":"Self, C. C.","year":"1996"},{"key":"atypb88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-2508.00132"},{"key":"atypb89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365001028006001"},{"key":"atypb90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365082009002004"},{"key":"atypb91","unstructured":"Shoemaker, P. J. (1982b).\n                      Political deviance, the media, and legitimacy\n                      . Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison."},{"key":"atypb92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764289033002017"},{"key":"atypb93","volume-title":"Gatekeeping","author":"Shoemaker, P. J.","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb94","volume-title":"Mediating the message: Theories of influences on mass media content","author":"Shoemaker, P. J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"atypb95","volume-title":"Reporters and officials: The organization and politics of newsmaking","author":"Sigal, L. V.","year":"1973"},{"key":"atypb96","volume-title":"Justification and legitimacy: Essays on rights and obligations","author":"Simmons, A. J.","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769909307000214"},{"issue":"4","key":"atypb98","first-page":"864","volume":"66","author":"Soloski, J.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly"},{"key":"atypb99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/800657"},{"key":"atypb100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908406100329"},{"key":"atypb101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769908506200220"},{"key":"atypb102","first-page":"A31","volume-title":"The Washington Post","author":"Stolberg, S. G.","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb103","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Communitarianism: A new public ethics","author":"Taylor, C.","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb104","first-page":"58","volume-title":"Readings in organization theory: Open-system approaches","author":"Terreberry, S.","year":"1971"},{"key":"atypb105","volume-title":"News and power","author":"Tiffen, R.","year":"1989"},{"key":"atypb106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-8111(85)80078-3"},{"key":"atypb107","volume-title":"Why people obey the law","author":"Tyler, T. R.","year":"1990"},{"key":"atypb108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-8111(92)90019-U"},{"key":"atypb109","volume-title":"The theory of social and economic organization","author":"Weber, M.","year":"1947"},{"key":"atypb110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3301744"},{"key":"atypb111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838158909364070"},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb112","first-page":"311","volume":"76","author":"Wolfson, M.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Social Science Quarterly"}],"container-title":["Communication Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0093650205281081","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0093650205281081","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:04:02Z","timestamp":1777395842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0093650205281081"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"references-count":112,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0093650205281081"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0093650205281081","relation":{},"ISSN":["0093-6502","1552-3810"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0093-6502","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-3810","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}}}