{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:32:39Z","timestamp":1767706359895,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Communication Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This research investigates the impact of normative intensity (i.e., strength of feeling) and crystallization (i.e., level of agreement) regarding communication behaviors and perceptions of social sanctions. By adapting the return potential model originally set forth by Jay Jackson, the authors examine perceptions of communication behaviors as a normative opinion process. Telephone survey respondents were asked to offer their own personal opinions regarding several communicative behaviors. By calculating the normative power (NP = Normative Intensity \u00d7 Crystallization) associated with each of these behaviors, predictions were made regarding the frequency of behavior. The authors also connect normative power with the social costs ascribed to acts falling outside the accepted realm of behavior. Results indicate that public opinion can be seen as a normative process in which the intensity and crystallization of the climate of opinion exert influence on behavior in various communication situations. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650207305236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,10]],"date-time":"2007-09-10T22:58:29Z","timestamp":1189465109000},"page":"548-568","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Opinions as Norms"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Carroll J.","family":"Glynn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Huge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.88.4.589"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.117.3.497"},{"volume-title":"The social norms approach: Theory, research, and annotated bibliography","year":"2004","author":"Berkowitz, A.D.","key":"atypb3"},{"volume-title":"Collective behavior","year":"1946","author":"Blumer, H.","key":"atypb4"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167204264480"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2601(08)60330-5"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.58.6.1015"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.82.3.359"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/105846099198749"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-089X(89)90003-3"},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"157","volume":"20","author":"Glynn, C.J.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Communication Yearbook"},{"key":"atypb12","unstructured":"Glynn, C.J., Ostman, R.E. & McDonald, D.G. (1995). Opinions, perceptions and social reality. In T. Glasser & C. T. Salmon (Eds.), Public opinion and the communication of consent (pp. 249-280). New York: Guilford."},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769909206900311"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2006.00003.x"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15324834basp1101_6"},{"key":"atypb16","unstructured":"Jackson, J.M. (1965). Structural characteristics of norms. In I. D. Steiner & M. Fishbein (Eds.), Current studies in social psychology (pp. 301-309). 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Salmon (Eds.), Public opinion and the communication of consent (pp. 177-206). 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