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Competing predictions were derived from several theories that were applicable but untested in the domain of online interaction: a double minority effect, the black sheep effect, congruity theory applied to groups, and the minority leniency contract framework. Online groups were created that had 4 collocated members or 4 geographically distributed members, or 2 collocated and 2 isolated members. Group members were provided biased distributions of information resembling a hidden profile to facilitate majority and minority positions resulting in 24 groups with a minority opinion holder geographically isolated or in proximity with one or more other members. The patterns of minority members\u2019 influence on majority members\u2019 decisions lent greatest support to the black sheep effect, congruity, and minority leniency approaches, depending on the respective location of the minority opinion holders and the consistency with which they argued their positions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650211399752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,22]],"date-time":"2011-02-22T20:25:43Z","timestamp":1298406343000},"page":"295-316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Minority Influence in Virtual Groups"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Natalya N.","family":"Bazarova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph B.","family":"Walther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poppy L.","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0093650211399752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2464.003.0012"},{"key":"bibr2-0093650211399752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.2001.2961"},{"key":"bibr3-0093650211399752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496408328490"},{"key":"bibr4-0093650211399752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104649649903000404"},{"key":"bibr5-0093650211399752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496406288976"},{"key":"bibr6-0093650211399752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.12.3.346.10098"},{"key":"bibr7-0093650211399752","first-page":"231","volume-title":"Research in organizational behavior","author":"Cramton C. 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