{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T03:19:54Z","timestamp":1777864794717,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J R Soc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In addition to excess mortality due to COVID-19, the pandemic has been characterised by excess mortality due to non-COVID diagnoses and consistent reports of patients delaying seeking medical treatment. This study seeks to compare the outcomes of cardiac surgery during and before the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our institutional database was interrogated retrospectively to identify all patients undergoing one of three index procedures during the first six months of the pandemic and the corresponding epochs of the previous five years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A regional cardiothoracic centre.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients undergoing surgery during weeks #13-37, 2015-2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Propensity score weighted analysis was employed to compare the incidence of major complications (stroke, renal failure, re-ventilation), 30-day mortality, six month survival and length of hospital stay between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no difference in 30-day mortality (HR\u2009=\u20090.76 [95% CI 0.27-2.20], p\u2009=\u20090.6211), 6-month survival (HR\u2009=\u20090.94 [95% CI 0.44-2.01], p\u2009=\u20090.8809) and duration of stay (SHR\u2009=\u20091.00 (95% CI 0.90-1.12), p\u2009=\u20090.959) between the two eras. There were no differences in the incidence of major complications (weighted chi-square test: renal failure: p\u2009=\u20090.923, stroke: p\u2009=\u20090.991, new respiratory failure: p\u2009=\u20090.856).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiac surgery is as safe now as in the previous five years. Concerns over the transmission of COVID-19 in hospital are understandable but patients should be encouraged not to delay seeking medical attention. All involved in healthcare and the wider public should be reassured by these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01410768221077357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T09:02:20Z","timestamp":1644224540000},"page":"341-347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The results of cardiac surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with previous years: a propensity weighted study of outcomes at six months"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Day","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Fiorentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Nightingale-Saunders Clinical Trials & Epidemiology Unit (King\u2019s CTU), King's College London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdelkhalek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassiba","family":"Smail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich A","family":"Stock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Bhudia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"De Robertis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toufan","family":"Bahrami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahzad","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nightingale-Saunders Clinical Trials & Epidemiology Unit (King\u2019s CTU), King's College London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6618-3730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jullien","family":"Gaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11941"},{"key":"bibr2-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Center for Systems Science Engineering at Johns Hopkins.\n                      Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases by the Center for Systems Science Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins\n                      . Baltimore, 2020."},{"key":"bibr3-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Stevens S and Pritchard A.\n                      Second Phase of NHS Response to COVID19\n                      . London, 2020."},{"key":"bibr4-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Public Health England.\n                      COVID-19 Guidance for Maintaining Services within Health and Care Settings: Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations\n                      . London: HMSO, 2021."},{"key":"bibr5-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezs043"},{"key":"bibr6-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786"},{"key":"bibr7-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/81.3.515"},{"key":"bibr8-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAT.0000000000001527"},{"key":"bibr9-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2018.03.002"},{"key":"bibr10-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.84.1.79"},{"key":"bibr11-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2021.02.001"},{"key":"bibr12-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Goodwin A, Perwaiz S, Wang J, et\u00a0al.\n                      National Adult Cardiac Surgery Audit (NACSA) 2020 Summary Report\n                      2020. London: National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research."},{"key":"bibr13-01410768221077357","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. WHO Director-General\u2019s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 \u2013 11 March 2020. 2020. https:\/\/www.who.int\/director-general\/speeches\/detail\/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19-11-march-2020."},{"key":"bibr14-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Vaughan WT. Influenza, an epidemiologic study. Baltimore: American Journal of Hygiene, 1921."},{"key":"bibr15-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2852"},{"key":"bibr16-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31356-8"},{"key":"bibr17-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Krumholz HM. Where have all the heart attacks gone?\n                      New York Times\n                      , 6 April 2020."},{"key":"bibr18-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Campbell D, Marsh S and Johnson S. Warning as UK coronavirus outbreak leads to sharp rise in deaths at home.\n                      The Guardian\n                      , 16 April 2020."},{"key":"bibr19-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Duncan P and Campbell D. More people dying at home during Covid-19 pandemic \u2013 UK analysis.\n                      The Guardian\n                      , 8 May 2020."},{"key":"bibr20-01410768221077357","unstructured":"Caul S. Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional: week ending 24 April 2020. See www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/deaths\/bulletins\/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional\/weekending24april2020 (last accessed 1 April 2020)."},{"key":"bibr21-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2021225"},{"key":"bibr22-01410768221077357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMms2009984"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01410768221077357","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01410768221077357","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01410768221077357","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:48:49Z","timestamp":1777528129000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01410768221077357"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01410768221077357"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01410768221077357","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-0768","1758-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-0768","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]}}}