{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T06:45:55Z","timestamp":1778827555929,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\u201301822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\u201301822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006004","name":"Tohoku University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Not applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not applicable"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006004","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000594","name":"Daiwa Anglo-Japanese Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Not applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not applicable"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J R Soc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the size and trends in payments from the pharmaceutical industry to healthcare professional organisations (HPOs) in the United Kingdom (UK), and to characterise the conflict of interest (COI) management plans by HPOs who received large payments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional analysis of non-research payments disclosed in the Disclosure UK database from 2015 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>United Kingdom.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>148 pharmaceutical companies disclosing payment data and HPOs receiving the largest payments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total value and median of payments per HPO; existence and content of COI policies among HPOs receiving the largest payments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 898 HPOs received non-research payments worth \u00a399.9 million (17.4% of non-research payments to all healthcare organisations). The median seven-year payment per HPO was \u00a34509 (interquartile range: \u00a3943\u2013\u00a330,360). The annual payments nearly doubled from \u00a39.3 million in 2015 to \u00a317.6 million in 2021. Event payments constituted the largest share (\u00a368.2 million, 68.2%). HPOs representing physicians received over 91.5% (\u00a391.5 million) of all payments, while those related to endocrinology and diabetology \u2013 16.3% (\u00a316.3 million). Over 59.9% (\u00a359.9 million) went to the 30 top-funded HPOs, of which only 17 (56.7%) had a publicly accessible COI policy. However, just 6 (35.3%) of these policies included provisions for payments from external organisations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HPOs received nearly one-fifth of pharmaceutical company payments to the UK healthcare sector. These payments were concentrated among a small number of HPOs, which often lacked effective policies for management of COI and payments from the industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01410768241297441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T11:05:07Z","timestamp":1731927907000},"page":"16-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pharmaceutical industry payments to healthcare professional organisations in the United Kingdom: a seven-year cross-sectional analysis of the Disclosure UK database from 2015 to 2021"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4279-4748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anju","family":"Murayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Analysis of Social Policy, University of Bath"},{"name":"Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0872, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Fabbri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bath"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Scholfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Analysis of Social Policy, University of Bath"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Ozieranski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Analysis of Social Policy, University of Bath"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.407"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMms1502493"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-022-07623-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20542704221111243"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.4777"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.15253"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2023.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2021.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/ijhpm.2018.20"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.6253"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.p1658"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry. Code of Practice for the Pharmaceutical Industry 2021. See www.pmcpa.org.uk\/the-code\/2021-interactive-abpi-code-of-practice\/ (last checked 26 February 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-022-00902-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"2842","article-title":"Tip of the iceberg? Country- and company-level analysis of drug company payments for research and development in Europe","volume":"11","author":"Ozieranski P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ozieranski P, Martinon L, Jachiet PA, Mulinari S. Tip of the iceberg? Country- and company-level analysis of drug company payments for research and development in Europe. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11: 2842\u20132859.","journal-title":"Int J Health Policy Manag"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2022.3342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-076173"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l1806"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.3091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.20794"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e075512","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-075512","article-title":"Pharmaceutical industry payments and delivery of non-recommended and low value cancer drugs: population based cohort study","volume":"383","author":"Mitchell AP","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mitchell AP, Dusetzina SB, Mishra Meza A, Trivedi NU, Bach PB, Winn A. Pharmaceutical industry payments and delivery of non-recommended and low value cancer drugs: population based cohort study. BMJ 2023; 383: e075512.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","first-page":"436","volume-title":"Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2009","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2009:436."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1714"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f5535"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01410768231181248"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045306"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.q1559"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6576"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01410768241297441","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01410768241297441","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01410768241297441","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:49:24Z","timestamp":1777528164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01410768241297441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01410768241297441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01410768241297441","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-0768","1758-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-0768","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]}}}