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A novel learning backtracking search algorithm (LBSA) is adapted to optimize the control parameters, and a comprehensive index combining the relative deviation of the rotational speed and the relative deviation of the volute\u2019s water pressure is designed as the objective function. A nonlinear mathematical model which can reflect hydraulic and mechanical dynamic characteristics of the pumped-storage governing system (PSGS) is established for the simulation of the transient period. Simulation experiments of two typical operating conditions are carried out under no-load condition. The simulation results show that the TID controller attaches significance to suppressing the amplitude of water hammer pressure and damping the hydraulic fluctuations. It will also restrain the trend of state trajectories oscillating back and forth in the unstable \u201cS\u201d shaped regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01423312221147551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T08:19:07Z","timestamp":1673511547000},"page":"1781-1794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Start-up process optimization of pumped-storage unit with Tilt\u2013Integral\u2013Derivative controller"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Yijing","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4466-5621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qijuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2021.107528"},{"key":"bibr2-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.10.002"},{"key":"bibr3-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en12152883"},{"key":"bibr4-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2013.10.060"},{"key":"bibr5-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amc.2013.02.017"},{"key":"bibr6-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0142331220915348"},{"key":"bibr7-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0142331217691333"},{"key":"bibr8-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0142331218820913"},{"key":"bibr9-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2019.10.012"},{"key":"bibr10-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2015.12.001"},{"key":"bibr11-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2021.09.010"},{"key":"bibr12-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2017.07.055"},{"key":"bibr13-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2017.02.026"},{"key":"bibr14-01423312221147551","author":"Lurie BJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"Three-parameter tunable tilt-integral-derivative (TID) controller"},{"key":"bibr15-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2017.03.002"},{"key":"bibr16-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2016.0828"},{"key":"bibr17-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2021.107033"},{"key":"bibr18-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2019.10.054"},{"key":"bibr19-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pisc.2016.04.078"},{"key":"bibr20-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2015.12.067"},{"key":"bibr21-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0142331220904818"},{"key":"bibr22-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113539"},{"key":"bibr23-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/813507"},{"key":"bibr24-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en10010096"},{"key":"bibr25-01423312221147551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2015.12.049"},{"key":"bibr26-01423312221147551","first-page":"3228","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on intelligent control and automation (Cat. 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