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A novel adaptive fast smooth super-twisting observer based on the super-twisting and adaptive dual-layer algorithms is presented, and a robust fault-diagnosis scheme based on an adaptive threshold is proposed to take the estimation error generated by the observer as the residual. In the adaptive fast smooth super-twisting observer, additional fractional powers less than 1 and linear terms are added to improve the smoothness and rapidity of the observer. The finite-time stability of the adaptive fast smooth super-twisting observer is then analyzed based on the Moreno\u2013Lyapunov function algorithm, and rigorous proof confirms that the estimation-error dynamic is robust to unknown input disturbances and can converge to a region of zero in finite time. Finally, simulations of the rigid spacecraft attitude kinematics and dynamics are used to validate the effectiveness of the developed adaptive fast smooth super-twisting observer and the designed robust fault-diagnosis scheme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01423312231158431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]],"date-time":"2023-03-25T06:51:20Z","timestamp":1679727080000},"page":"2890-2902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Adaptive fast smooth super-twisting observer\u2013based robust fault diagnosis for nonlinear systems"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6027-6928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China"},{"name":"Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China"},{"name":"Department of Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaowei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China"},{"name":"Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China"},{"name":"Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611970777"},{"key":"bibr2-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2021.07.004"},{"key":"bibr3-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2012.2189534"},{"key":"bibr4-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conengprac.2013.12.011"},{"key":"bibr5-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcon.2019.06.005"},{"key":"bibr6-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MED.2006.328806"},{"key":"bibr7-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2018.09.552"},{"key":"bibr8-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179608921833"},{"key":"bibr9-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179.2016.1175030"},{"key":"bibr10-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2018.12.026"},{"key":"bibr11-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acs.3144"},{"key":"bibr12-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rnc.4863"},{"key":"bibr13-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2022.01.019"},{"key":"bibr14-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asjc.1873"},{"key":"bibr15-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2015.2417501"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr16-01423312231158431","first-page":"2537","volume":"63","author":"Gao Z","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics"},{"key":"bibr17-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rnc.3554"},{"key":"bibr18-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2020.106195"},{"key":"bibr19-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2017.2773340"},{"key":"bibr20-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCST.2017.2780061"},{"key":"bibr21-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cta.2015.1143"},{"key":"bibr22-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12555-014-0181-6"},{"key":"bibr23-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207721.2019.1701135"},{"key":"bibr24-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2006.10.008"},{"key":"bibr25-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-1098(97)00209-4"},{"key":"bibr26-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2021.03.030"},{"key":"bibr27-01423312231158431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreno JA, Osorio M (2008) A Lyapunov approach to second-order sliding mode controllers and observers. 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