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To restrain the adverse effects of the unknown dynamics including the parameter inaccuracy and exogenous disturbances, a fixed-time disturbance observer is designed to estimate the lumped uncertainties using the bi-limit homogeneous theory without requiring any knowledge of the model uncertainties. Then, a nominal tracking controller is proposed to stabilize the error dynamic model in the sense of fixed-time Lyapunov stability, based on which a novel integral-type sliding mode manifold with bi-limit homogeneity is constructed to drive tracking error convergence in fixed time. To enhance the robustness of the vessel control system, a disturbance observer\u2013based fixed-time integral sliding mode tracking controller is finally proposed, and the chattering phenomenon is effectively alleviated by direct estimation compensations. The analysis of Lyapunov stability indicates that the closed-loop system is fixed-time stable. Numerical simulations on a model vessel are carried out to validate theoretical results of the proposed control scheme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01423312231193188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T06:34:55Z","timestamp":1696919695000},"page":"1452-1466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Disturbance observer\u2013based fixed-time sliding mode trajectory tracking control for marine surface vehicles with uncertain dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1838-1521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taiqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automobile, Chang\u2019an University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automobile, 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