{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T16:09:51Z","timestamp":1777910991311,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005307","name":"Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la Recherche Scientifique et du D\u00e9veloppement Technologique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRFU\/A01L08UN230120200001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRFU\/A01L08UN230120200001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005307","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article focuses on the stability analysis of networked control systems (NCSs). It is well-known that network-induced delays pose many control challenges due to their non-uniform and multifractal nature. With the growing integration of communication networks in control systems, the impact of time-varying and random delays on system performance becomes critical. Hence, it is essential to study their impact on the system\u2019s stability. There are several network-induced delay modeling methods, resulting in constant, random, and probabilistic random delays, which provide the most realistic representation according to recent studies. This article introduces a new network-induced delay modeling method based on the Markov-regime-switching generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (MRS-GARCH) process, which captures the intricate temporal dependence of random network delays. The resulting model offers a more accurate depiction of delay volatility behavior, accommodating sudden shifts between volatility regimes. Simulation results demonstrate that MRS GARCH-type modeling enables a more realistic representation of delay dynamics. We also conduct a stability analysis of NCSs modeled with the proposed method using linear matrix inequalities LMIs criteria derived from the Lyapunov-Krasovskii theorem. The simulation results show less conservatism than conventional models and provide a larger maximum allowable upper delay bound MAUDB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01423312241284675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T02:16:22Z","timestamp":1733192182000},"page":"323-336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Networked control systems induced delay modeling and stability analysis using Markov-regime-switching GARCH model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3138-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayoub","family":"Aouati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Automatics and Signals of Annaba \u2019LASA\u2019, Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0328-6561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofiane","family":"Gherbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Automatics and Signals of Annaba \u2019LASA\u2019, Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soumia","family":"Kharfouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOSTIM Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Salah Boubnider University, Constantine, Algeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CDC.2005.1582202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jempfin.2014.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4076(86)90063-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Branicky M Phillips S Zhang W (2000) Stability of networked control systems: Explicit analysis of delay. In: Proceedings of the 2000 American Control Conference volume 4. ACC Chicago IL USA pp. 2352\u20132357. DOI: 10.1109\/ACC.2000.878601.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACC.2000.878601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCECE.2008.4564574"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fink GA (2014) Markov Models for Pattern Recognition. (2 ed.) London: Springer. ISBN 978-1-4471-6307-7. DOI: 10.1007\/978-1-4471-6308-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-6308-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su13052962"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6261.1993.tb05128.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-405X(96)00875-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2009.2035462"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjfinec\/nbh020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/09-BA402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10182-011-0181-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001810100100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","unstructured":"Kullback S (1959) Information theory and statistics. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-8446-5625-9."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2022.3182936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2005.852064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25778-0_43"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2005.1527076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2007.893073"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcontrol.2019.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmaa.2006.12.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2018.7511162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","first-page":"5555","volume-title":"Presented at the 2006 SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference","author":"Matkurbanov P","year":"2007","unstructured":"Matkurbanov P, Lee S, Kim D (2007) A survey and analysis of wireless fieldbus for industrial environments. In: Presented at the 2006 SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference. Busan, Korea (South): IEEE, pp. 5555\u20135561."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","volume-title":"Performance modeling of communication networks with Markov chains","author":"Mo J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mo J (2022) Performance modeling of communication networks with Markov chains. Springer Nature."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2938260"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","author":"Nilsson J","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nilsson J (1998) Real-Time Control Systems with Delays. PhD Thesis, Department of Automatic Control, Lund Institute of Technology (LTH).","journal-title":"Real-Time Control Systems with Delays"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-1098(97)00170-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2008.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2015.2504351"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","first-page":"4527","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 30th Chinese Control Conference","author":"Qiu L","year":"2011","unstructured":"Qiu L, Xu B, Li S (2011) Modeling and analysis of networked control systems with random time delays and packet dropouts. In: Proceedings of the 30th Chinese Control Conference. Yantai, China, pp. 4527\u20134532."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2007.898439"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0142331219895931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","first-page":"925","article-title":"Sur les rapports entre la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019information au sens de Fisher et au sens de Wiener","volume":"232","author":"Sch\u00fctzenberger MP","year":"1951","unstructured":"Sch\u00fctzenberger MP (1951) Sur les rapports entre la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019information au sens de Fisher et au sens de Wiener. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des S\u00e9ances de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences, Paris 232: 925\u2013927.","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des S\u00e9ances de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences, Paris"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2020.109385"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0661(03)00036-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACC.2008.4586784"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2005.1527080","volume-title":"2005 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics","author":"Wu J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wu J, Deng FQ, Gao JG (2005) Modeling and stability of long random delay networked control systems. In: 2005 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. Guangzhou, China: IEEE, pp. 947\u2013952."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2006.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2009.2020890"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2021.3131146"}],"container-title":["Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01423312241284675","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01423312241284675","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01423312241284675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T15:12:06Z","timestamp":1777648326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01423312241284675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01423312241284675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01423312241284675","relation":{},"ISSN":["0142-3312","1477-0369"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0142-3312","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0369","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]}}}