{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:54:14Z","timestamp":1792166054427,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,1]],"date-time":"2001-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":999302400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav Modif"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The authors describe a new methodologically improved behavioral treatment for panic patients using respiratory biofeedback from a handheld capnometry device. The treatment rationale is based on the assumption that sustained hypocapnia resulting from hyperventilation is a key mechanism in the production and maintenance of panic. The brief 4-week biofeedback therapy is aimed at voluntarily increasing self-monitored end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and reducing respiratory rate and instability through breathing exercises in patients\u2019 environment. Preliminary results from 4 patients indicate that the therapy was successful in reducing panic symptoms and other psychological characteristics associated with panic disorder. Physiological data obtained from home training, 24-hour ambulatory monitoring pretherapy and posttherapy, and laboratory assessment at follow-up indicate that patients started out with low resting PCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    levels, increased those levels during therapy, and maintained those levels at posttherapy and\/or follow-up. Partial dissociation between PCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and respiratory rate questions whether respiratory rate should be the main focus of breathing training in panic disorder.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445501254006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,10]],"date-time":"2007-03-10T21:20:41Z","timestamp":1173561641000},"page":"584-605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Respiratory Biofeedback-Assisted Therapy in Panic Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Alicia E.","family":"Meuret","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank H.","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walton T.","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01078-7"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(89)80073-5"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700024260"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.5.739"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91226-1"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.108.1.4"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(86)90011-2"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(85)90026-6"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(89)90148-4"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview of DSM IV Axis I disorders","author":"First, M. 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