{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:33:21Z","timestamp":1777466001211,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,27]],"date-time":"2016-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behav Modif"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we extended the literature on negatively-reinforced mands by teaching multiple novel, socially appropriate alternative mands to two young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). First, we replaced existing mands (e.g., pushing away) with two novel, socially appropriate, negatively-reinforced mands. Next, we examined responding under immediate- and delayed-reinforcement conditions to assess resurgence to existing mands and to determine whether the function of the communicative behavior influences the consistency with which different mands are emitted. Finally, we examined generalization to different social partners. Our data suggest that both children acquired the new mands and used them to avoid nonpreferred items. Resurgence to existing mands during delayed-reinforcement conditions was documented for one child, and the sequence in which mands were emitted within a response class was not influenced by the function of the communicative behavior. Generalization data indicate that both children emitted the new mands and one of the two children alternated between the two mands with a social partner who was not involved in the training. We discuss the importance of teaching multiple negatively-reinforced alternative mands to children with autism in applied settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445516648664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]],"date-time":"2016-05-09T21:07:46Z","timestamp":1462828066000},"page":"922-953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Negatively-Reinforced Mands"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Laura C.","family":"Chezan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Drasgow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Halle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr2-0145445516648664","volume-title":"Bayley Scales of Infant Development","author":"Bayley N.","year":"1993","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr3-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.2011.44-357"},{"key":"bibr4-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.2008.41-83"},{"key":"bibr5-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.2009-92-327"},{"key":"bibr6-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002383098302600201"},{"key":"bibr7-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.1978.11-489"},{"key":"bibr8-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-1947-2_13"},{"key":"bibr9-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.2008.90-313"},{"key":"bibr10-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.2001.34-491"},{"key":"bibr11-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2007.02.025"},{"key":"bibr12-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/027112149501500203"},{"key":"bibr13-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/027112149601600408"},{"key":"bibr14-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445515613582"},{"key":"bibr15-0145445516648664","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Language and autism: Applied behavior analysis, evidence, and practice","author":"Drasgow E.","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr16-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10983007050070030801"},{"key":"bibr17-0145445516648664","first-page":"162","volume-title":"A guide to developing language competence in preschool children with severe and moderate handicaps","author":"Dyer K.","year":"1991"},{"key":"bibr18-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03394918"},{"key":"bibr19-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.1992.25-491"},{"key":"bibr20-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jaba.27"},{"key":"bibr21-0145445516648664","volume-title":"The picture exchange communication system","author":"Frost L.","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr22-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jaba.151"},{"key":"bibr23-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154079698501000202"},{"key":"bibr24-0145445516648664","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jaba.144"},{"key":"bibr25-0145445516648664","volume-title":"Strategies and tactics on behavioral research","author":"Johnston J. 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