{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,15]],"date-time":"2026-11-15T03:59:05Z","timestamp":1794715145551,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]],"date-time":"1990-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":646790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav Modif"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We assessed whether treatment of children and adolescents with school refusal behavior is effective when based upon an individualized, functional analysis. Seven children and adoles-cents, who were currently experiencing difficulties attending school, were evaluated with the School Refusal Assessment Scale (SRAS), an instrument designed to identify maintaining variables surrounding school refusal behavior. These included specific fearfulness\/general overanxiousness, escape from aversive social situations, attention-getting or separation anxious behavior, and tangible reinforcement. Prescriptive treatment was given in accordance with the assessed motivating condition and included systematic desensitization\/relaxation training, modeling and cognitive restructuring, shaping and differential reinforcement of other behavior, and contingency contracting for each condition, respectively. Daily measures of anxiety, depression, distress, and school attendance were taken, as well as pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6-month follow-up child and\/or parent questionnaires. Results indicated that 6 of the subjects maintained full-time school attendance by posttreatment and at the 6-month follow-up. All reported moderate improvements in daily levels of anxiety, depression, and\/or distress. The implications of a prescriptive treatment approach for school refusal behavior are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01454455900143007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,10]],"date-time":"2007-03-10T21:20:41Z","timestamp":1173561641000},"page":"340-366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"title":["A Preliminary Analysis of a Functional Model of Assessment and Treatment for School Refusal Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Kearney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy K.","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University at Albany, State University of New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.46.3.478"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1987","edition":"3"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1985.tb03423.x"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(70)90036-4"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Perspective","author":"Beck, A. T.","year":"1985"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-7138(09)60231-4"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(84)90100-1"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1932.tb05183.x"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(87)90016-X"},{"key":"atypb10","first-page":"111","volume":"18","author":"Carr, E. G.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal ofApplied BehaviorAnalysis"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"Forms for behavioral analysis with children","author":"Cautela, J. R.","year":"1983"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1957.tb05493.x","volume":"27","author":"Coolidge, J. C.","year":"1957","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01172656"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1960.tb02000.x"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02211821"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.52.2.207"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1966.tb02301.x"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198707000-00003"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J008v03n03_04"},{"key":"atypb20","first-page":"263","volume":"27","author":"Harris, S. R.","year":"1980","journal-title":"School Counselor"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.42.11.963"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"Anxiety and the anxiety disorders","author":"Jablensky, A.","year":"1985"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1957.tb05494.x"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1941.tb05860.x"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"Meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy","author":"Keamey, C. A."},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Meeting of the Berkshire Association of Behavior Analysis and Therapy","author":"Kearney, C. A."},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0022440"},{"key":"atypb28","volume-title":"Depression in children: Diagnosis, treatment, and conceptual models","author":"Kovacs, M.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp1701_11"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-9829-5_5"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198712000-00004"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0022130"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.28.6.525"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(78)90065-4"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(84)80001-5"},{"key":"atypb36","volume-title":"Child personality and psychopathology: Current topics","author":"Miller, L. C.","year":"1974"},{"key":"atypb37","volume-title":"The family environment scale","author":"Moos, R.","year":"1975"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J008v03n03_05"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(83)90087-6"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-4694-4_9"},{"key":"atypb41","volume-title":"Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale: Revised manual 1984","author":"Piers, E. V.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00919131"},{"key":"atypb43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537991"},{"key":"atypb44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198811000-00019"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00797308.1967.11822605"},{"key":"atypb46","volume-title":"Manualfor the State-TraitAnxiety Inventory for Children","author":"Spielberger, C. D.","year":"1973"},{"key":"atypb47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(73)90012-8"},{"key":"atypb48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0069608"},{"key":"atypb49","volume-title":"The practice of behavior therapy","author":"Wolpe, J.","year":"1973","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["Behavior Modification"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01454455900143007","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01454455900143007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:25:13Z","timestamp":1777382713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01454455900143007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,7]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01454455900143007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01454455900143007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-4455","1552-4167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-4455","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,7]]}}}