{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:48:12Z","timestamp":1789649292678,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]],"date-time":"2020-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593907200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of balloon dilation (tuboplasty) of the Eustachian tube (BET) in active duty military personnel working in hyper- and hypobaric environments suffering from baro-challenge-induced ETD using functional outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Military divers and aviators diagnosed with persistent baro-challenge-induced ETD resulting in disqualification from performing flight and dive duties and who elected for treatment with BET were included for analysis. Posttreatment follow-up assessments were undertaken at 1, 6, and 12 months. Outcome measures included successful hyperbaric chamber testing or return to the hyper- or hypobaric environment without significant baro-challenge-induced ETD symptoms and pre- and postdilation Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7) scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mean pretreatment duration of symptoms was 48 months (range: 3-120 months). Following treatment, 92% (12\/13) of patients successfully returned to operational duties with resolution of limiting symptoms. Average return to duty time was 8.5 weeks (range: 6-24 weeks). The ETDQ-7 scores improved from a mean of 4.33 (2.57-6.57) predilation to 2.19 (1.00-4.43) postdilation ( Z = 2.73, W = 70, P = .0063). Mean duration of follow-up was 38 weeks (range: 13-70 weeks).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eustachian tube balloon dilation appears to be a safe and highly effective treatment option for baro-challenge-induced ETD in affected military divers and aviators who work in hyper- and hypobaric environments. Further study is needed to determine whether similar results can be achieved in more diverse subject populations and to assess long-term effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561320938156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]],"date-time":"2020-07-05T21:31:57Z","timestamp":1593984717000},"page":"014556132093815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Balloon Dilation of the Eustachian Tube for Baro-Challenge-Induced Otologic Symptoms in Military Divers and Aviators: A Retrospective Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0184-0215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward R.","family":"Utz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin J.","family":"LaBanc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikal J.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Gaudreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean R.","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1992.tb01004.x"},{"key":"bibr2-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816683342"},{"key":"bibr3-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.1917"},{"key":"bibr4-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12475"},{"key":"bibr5-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.56"},{"key":"bibr6-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12220"},{"key":"bibr7-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000246227.65877.1f"},{"key":"bibr8-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.10.031"},{"key":"bibr9-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26800"},{"key":"bibr10-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001853"},{"key":"bibr11-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26827"},{"key":"bibr12-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2018.4769"},{"key":"bibr13-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814529538"},{"key":"bibr14-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12429"},{"key":"bibr15-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000895"},{"key":"bibr16-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23223"},{"key":"bibr17-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2016.2086"},{"key":"bibr18-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-4938-z"},{"key":"bibr19-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1993.tb00854.x"},{"key":"bibr20-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-1810(96)80056-X"},{"key":"bibr21-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-997224"},{"key":"bibr22-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489950181387"},{"key":"bibr23-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.2005.01052.x"},{"key":"bibr24-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003927"},{"key":"bibr25-0145561320938156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26823"}],"container-title":["Ear, Nose &amp; 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