{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:54:53Z","timestamp":1792090493605,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600905600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The recent introduction of 445 nm blue laser to office-based laryngology presents potential advantages. These include a desirable combination of cutting and photoangiolytic qualities and a lightweight, shock-resistant design. Despite its increasing use, current evidence is limited to experimental data and case reports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors present a case series and overview of office blue laser transnasal flexible laser surgery (TNFLS), considering indications, patient selection, safety, technique, and surgical outcomes. We also review the safety and relevance of TNFLS to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case series and narrative review. Our primary outcome measure was preoperative and postoperative Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10) score. Complications were documented by nature and severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-six cases of office blue laser TNFLS were performed. A statistically significant improvement in VHI-10 score was demonstrated in cases of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and benign laryngeal lesions causing dysphonia ( P &lt; 0.01 and 0.045). Blue laser also proved effective in assisting office biopsy procedures. A minor and self-limiting complication was reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Office blue laser TNFLS is safe and effective in the treatment of RRP and a range of benign laryngeal lesions. Future research should compare the efficacy and safety of blue laser with potassium titanyl phosphate laser in office-based treatment of these conditions. Further assessment of the cutting qualities of blue laser, initially in the theater environment, is necessary to refine our understanding of future applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561320960544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T15:25:37Z","timestamp":1600961137000},"page":"105S-112S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Applications of Office-Based 445 nm Blue Laser Transnasal Flexible Laser Surgery: A Case Series and Review of Practice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5368-2605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin John","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8268-8405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amr","family":"Abdelhamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yakubu","family":"Karagama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940411300403"},{"key":"bibr2-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-017-4708-3"},{"key":"bibr3-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561319889538"},{"key":"bibr4-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05617-z"},{"key":"bibr5-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561320930648"},{"key":"bibr6-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0b013e3282f19ef2"},{"key":"bibr7-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40136-016-0118-0"},{"key":"bibr8-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2019.01.008"},{"key":"bibr9-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-4974-8"},{"key":"bibr10-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28892"},{"key":"bibr11-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941212101103"},{"key":"bibr12-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818774511"},{"key":"bibr13-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2014.12.007"},{"key":"bibr14-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13123"},{"key":"bibr15-0145561320960544","unstructured":"ENT UK. Aerosol-generating procedures in ENT. https:\/\/www.entuk.org\/aerosol-generating-procedures-ent. Published March 2020. Accessed August 24, 2020."},{"key":"bibr16-0145561320960544","unstructured":"ENT UK. Aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) within the ENT clinic. https:\/\/www.entuk.org\/aerosol-generating-procedures-agps-within-ent-clinic. Published June 2020. Accessed August 24, 2020."},{"key":"bibr17-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06028-1"},{"key":"bibr18-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26164"},{"key":"bibr19-0145561320960544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2020.04.002"},{"key":"bibr20-0145561320960544","unstructured":"Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists. Aerosol generating procedures, dysphagia assessment and COVID-19. Published April 2020. https:\/\/www.rcslt.org\/-\/media\/docs\/Covid\/RCSLT-Dysphagia-and-AGP220420FINAL-1-(1).PDF. 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