{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:00:46Z","timestamp":1777561246244,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]],"date-time":"2023-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]],"date-time":"2023-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Deanship of Scientific Research at the Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University","award":["Research Group No. RG-21-11-03."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research Group No. RG-21-11-03."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to define the best electrode trajectory line in cochlear implant (CI) surgery using the OTOPLAN (otology planning software) reconstructed 3D model and to investigate the surgical distance of the retro-facial approach as a direct access to the round window.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Computed tomography (CT) scans of the normal temporal bone were included for analysis in this study. OTOPLAN reconstruction was used to build 3D models with specific ear structures for study analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-five scans were included; the average age at the time of CT scan was 6.8\u00b112 years. Twelve scans (48%) were right-sided and thirteen (52%) were left-sided. The best trajectory line to the round window was identified in all scans. The retro-facial approach was the optimal approach for 52% of cases (13\/25). In all scans, the safe distance from the facial nerve were in favor of the retro-facial approach (P = 0.0011).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The OTOPLAN reconstructed imaging provided a good analysis of the retro-facial approach and helped in planning the surgical trajectory line towards the round window. Additionally, calculation of the surgical distance can help the surgeon compare the retro-facial approach to the standard facial recess for preoperative planning. These findings may help in robotic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613221134742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]],"date-time":"2023-01-07T10:52:58Z","timestamp":1673088778000},"page":"658-663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cochlear Implantation: The use of OTOPLAN Reconstructed Images in Trajectory Identification"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4564-1197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eman","family":"Hajr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center (KAESC), College of medicine , King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yassin","family":"Abdelsamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department, MED-EL GmbH, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fida","family":"Almuhawas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center (KAESC), College of medicine , King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amnah","family":"Alashour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Hagr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center (KAESC), College of medicine , King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26738"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-4901-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-012-1061-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000178117.61537.5b"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3005479"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3763-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-4329-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-020-02288-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/cim.2003.4.2.96"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215042450643"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000253287.86737.2e"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31816b309e"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318068b298"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1995.01890020095019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014556139607500207"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949610501004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001878"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23665"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000644"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2106-4"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","first-page":"741","article-title":"Sinus tympani: anatomic considerations, computed tomography, and a discussion of the retrofacial approach for removal of disease","volume":"16","author":"Pickett BP","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pickett BP, Cail WS, Lambert PR. 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