{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T23:09:31Z","timestamp":1780096171865,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Doctoral Scientific Research Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","award":["No. 2019BS004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2019BS004"]}]},{"name":"2022 Yunnan Science and Technology Department-Kunming Medical University Joint Fund for Applied and Basic Research","award":["No. 202201AY070001-078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 202201AY070001-078"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is a condition that commonly presents with unilateral watery drainage from the nose or ear, tinnitus, and stuffy ears or hearing loss. Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea and otorrhea together are rare. A 64-year-old woman presented at our department with complaints of clear watery rhinorrhea and hearing loss on the right side persisting for 10\u00a0months. Imaging and surgery were used to diagnose the condition. Through surgical treatment, she was eventually cured. Review of the literature has shown that patients with both nasal and aural CSF leaks are rare. When a patient presents with both unilateral watery drainage from both the nose and ear, a diagnosis of CSF rhinorrhea and otorrhea should be considered. This case report will benefit clinicians by providing more information to assist with diagnosing the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613231158797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T15:46:37Z","timestamp":1677080797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea and Otorrhea: A Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7750-6438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shujuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7670-1044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8258-4163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongyue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200301000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22245"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2020.00021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318182f833"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001261"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3182a473cf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001693"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-016-1107-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2005.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215112001843"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-017-4455-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000603"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.03.115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.3.Jns101447"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318271c312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215116008458"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e318299c292"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215121001171"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"E397","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea: Diagnosis and management","volume":"12","author":"Abuabara A","year":"2007","unstructured":"Abuabara A. Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea: Diagnosis and management. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. Sep 1 2007;12(5):E397-400.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22704"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.12.JNS1694"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s002221510015666x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949009901102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2015.03.013"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","first-page":"770","article-title":"Adult spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea: Diagnosis and management","volume":"20","author":"Gacek RR","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gacek RR, Gacek MR, Tart R. Adult spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea: Diagnosis and management. Am J Otol. 1999;20(6):770-776.","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25461"}],"container-title":["Ear, Nose &amp; Throat Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01455613231158797","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01455613231158797","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01455613231158797","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:33:29Z","timestamp":1777401209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01455613231158797"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01455613231158797"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01455613231158797","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-5613","1942-7522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-5613","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]}}}