{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:34:11Z","timestamp":1792787651587,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government","award":["NRF-2022R1C1C1011966"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1C1C1011966"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To analyze changes in olfactory function after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery and compare performance of the olfactory questionnaire with those of conventional psychophysical tests.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients were classified into 5 categories for olfactory function evaluation (normal, mild hyposmia, moderate hyposmia, severe hyposmia, and anosmia) based on a self-assessment. Patients also underwent the butanol threshold test (BTT), Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test (CCSIT), and 11-item olfactory questionnaire. Subjects with normosmia preoperatively and who were followed up at least 6\u2009months after surgery were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curves and confusion matrix analysis were performed for BTT, CCSIT, and olfactory questionnaire to compare their diagnostic abilities. The effects of age, preoperative olfaction, septal flap, tumor pathology, and tumor size on postoperative olfaction were evaluated using multivariate linear regression analysis.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Data from 108 patients were analyzed. Postoperative changes in the olfactory questionnaire were significantly associated with changes in the BTT and CCSIT. The area under the curve for postoperative self-olfactory function classification was highest for olfactory questionnaire (0.894), followed by BTT (0.767) and CCSIT (0.688). Patient age at the time of surgery and preoperative BTT score were significantly related to postoperative olfactory outcomes.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The olfactory questionnaire correlated well with conventional psychosomatic olfactory function tests. In combination with clinical parameters and preoperative psychosomatic olfactory function tests, the olfactory questionnaire is suitable for assessing subjective olfactory function after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613241234818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:16:38Z","timestamp":1709252198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Validation of Korean Olfactory Questionnaire for Perioperative Olfactory Assessment in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6460-7907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Chang","family":"Sim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3519-7395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Koo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun A.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kihwan","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Deok","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Woo","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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