{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:13:56Z","timestamp":1777562036347,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717977600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) that is refractory to maximal medical and surgical therapy should be evaluated for other primary conditions. Cystic fibrosis (CF), primary immunodeficiency (PID), and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are potential risk factors for refractory CRS. These conditions present with variable disease severity and diagnosis may be delayed into adulthood. We report a case of a mother-daughter pair with CRS refractory to maximal medical management. The patients were further evaluated and found to have features consistent with CF, PID, and PCD. All 3 are rare disorders and thought to cause CRS in isolation. Patients with refractory CRS should be further evaluated to identify alternative diagnoses and ensure proper management. Refractory CRS may be multifactorial, with different risk factors simultaneously contributing to its persistence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613241261563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T05:28:12Z","timestamp":1717997292000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short Cilia, Immunodeficiency, and Cystic Fibrosis in a Mother-Daughter Pair"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Marisa","family":"Dorling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Hernaiz-Leonardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athenea","family":"Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3116-6559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amin","family":"Javer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1710-1492-7-2"},{"key":"bibr2-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin20.401"},{"key":"bibr3-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22741"},{"key":"bibr4-01455613241261563","author":"Farrell PM","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr5-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2017.04.010","volume":"46","author":"De Boeck K","year":"2017","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"bibr6-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2013.27.3919"},{"key":"bibr7-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-008-8083-0"},{"key":"bibr8-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13875"},{"key":"bibr9-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00977665"},{"key":"bibr10-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23206"},{"key":"bibr11-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21789"},{"key":"bibr12-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2016.1216790"},{"key":"bibr13-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2020.03.001"},{"key":"bibr14-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2015.07.025"},{"key":"bibr15-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22647"},{"key":"bibr16-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.09.43"},{"key":"bibr17-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0069"},{"key":"bibr18-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/13.8.672"},{"key":"bibr19-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23254"},{"key":"bibr20-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-023-01166-w"},{"key":"bibr21-01455613241261563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2011-200301"}],"container-title":["Ear, Nose &amp; Throat Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01455613241261563","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01455613241261563","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01455613241261563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:35:16Z","timestamp":1777401316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01455613241261563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01455613241261563"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01455613241261563","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-5613","1942-7522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-5613","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"article-number":"01455613241261563"}}