{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:47:39Z","timestamp":1790160459714,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82301306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82101216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China","award":["23Y11909700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23Y11909700"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Objective: This study aimed to investigate the optimal head position (OHP) following intratympanic injection, a critical intervention in treating inner ear disorders. Identifying OHP is essential to maximize drug retention in the middle ear, thereby significantly enhancing the therapeutic efficacy by mitigating the significant issue of injectate leakage through the eustachian tube (ET). Exploratory various positions of ET orifice and round window (RW) were investigated and associated with head movements. Methods: Twenty-two (10 males and 12 females) anonymized high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) datasets of patients without structural ear disease were selected from January 2022 to December 2022 in the study. The subjects were categorized into two groups: children (\u226418 years) and adult group (&gt;18 years). The reconstruction of the ET orifice and RW from HRCT were analyzed using Mimics software and the distances from the center point of ET orifice or the center point of RW to the reference plane were defined as distance of ET orifice ( D\n                    <jats:sub>ET<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and distance of RW ( D\n                    <jats:sub>RW<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Results: In the supine position, the OHP for intratympanic injection was 23\u00b0of pronation and 24\u00b0 of posterior extension, and the maximum distance between the ET orifice and RW ( D\n                    <jats:sub>ET-RW<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) was 9.29 \u00b1 2.13 mm. As the head position extended posteriorly beyond 43\u00b0, D\n                    <jats:sub>ET<\/jats:sub>\n                    was relatively high compared with D\n                    <jats:sub>RW<\/jats:sub>\n                    , resulting in the OHP a fully posteriorly extended 90\u00b0 of the head being the optimal position with D\n                    <jats:sub>ET-RW<\/jats:sub>\n                    of 2.13 \u00b1 1.60 mm in the supine position, however, it is not realized in human beings. Moreover, the OHP had no obvious relevance corresponding to age following intratympanic injections. Conclusion: Our study suggested that OHP after intratympanic injections treatment consists of supine position, along with a slight pronation and posterior extension.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613241271731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T02:00:15Z","timestamp":1724810415000},"page":"109-118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Optimal Head Position Following Intratympanic Injection: A Research Based on HRCT Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Dongming","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziwen","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peidong","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina Alysa","family":"Smereka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keguang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinsheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8765-4067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanqing","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31821fbdd1"},{"key":"bibr2-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199907001-00001"},{"key":"bibr3-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812472882"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr4-01455613241271731","volume":"7","author":"Plontke SK","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr5-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480701558906"},{"key":"bibr6-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0065-3"},{"key":"bibr7-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.08.015"},{"key":"bibr8-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819878699"},{"key":"bibr9-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2017.05.010"},{"key":"bibr10-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07475-8"},{"key":"bibr11-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318058a09f"},{"key":"bibr12-01455613241271731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1967.00760050130002"}],"container-title":["Ear, Nose &amp; 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