{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:59:17Z","timestamp":1791413957190,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Technology Agency of Jinhua city, China","award":["2022-3-042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-3-042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed ear-related factors contributing to postoperative infections after myringoplasty. We also examined the association between the timing of postoperative infections and graft success.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study reviewed clinical data and operative records of patients with chronic tympanic membrane (TM) perforations who underwent myringoplasty. Factors influencing postoperative infection, including surgical techniques, perforation size, external auditory canal (EAC) packing, prophylactic antibiotic type, and the application of topical antibiotic cream, were assessed. In addition, the relationship between the timing of postoperative infection and graft failure was evaluated. Postoperative infection time was categorized as 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 263 patients with chronic TM perforations underwent myringoplasty. The overall postoperative infection rate was 12.2% (32\/263). The modified over-underlay approach was associated with a postoperative infection rate of 19.0%, in contrast to 11.1% for the conventional over-underlay technique and 8.9% for the underlay technique (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .081). No significant differences in postoperative infection rates were identified among the NasoPore packing group (10.9%), the erythromycin cream group (19.4%), and the no-packing group (11.9%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .418). Similarly, no significant differences were observed between prophylactic antibiotic type (11.2% vs 12.2% vs 25.0%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .373) or between the patients with and without topical antibiotic ointment (12.4% vs 10.3%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .986). Among the 32 patients with postoperative infections, 21.9% achieved graft success, whereas 78.1% experienced graft failure. Graft success rates were 71.4% (5\/7), 9.1% (2\/22), and 0.0% (0\/3) at 1, 2, and 3 weeks postoperatively, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that prophylactic antibiotic type, perforation size, the use of topical erythromycin cream, and EAC packing do not significantly influence postoperative infection. However, the surgical technique may affect the risk of postoperative infection. In addition, the timing of postoperative infection may influence graft failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613251329734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T16:11:47Z","timestamp":1742573507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Postoperative Infection in Myringoplasty: Impact of Surgical Technique and Timing of Infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3484-4492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingwei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Operating Theater, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu city, Zhejiang province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1085-9033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengcai","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu city, Zhejiang province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06588-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1593818","article-title":"Study of various prognostic factors affecting successful myringoplasty in a tertiary care centre","volume":"21","author":"Dangol K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dangol K, Shrivastav RP. Study of various prognostic factors affecting successful myringoplasty in a tertiary care centre. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017;21(3):250-254.","journal-title":"Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.381"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30523"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2019.2.23896","article-title":"Myringoplasty outcome. Five-year experience at a tertiary teaching hospital","volume":"40","author":"Alharbi SM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alharbi SM, Mohammed WY, Al Ardi T, Al-Qahtani AS. Myringoplasty outcome. Five-year experience at a tertiary teaching hospital. Saudi Med J. 2019;40(2):199-201.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2020.109893"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"Impact of otorrhea and positive cultures on tympanoplasty outcomes","volume":"25","author":"Masalha M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Masalha M, Shlizerman L, Mazzawi S, et al. Impact of otorrhea and positive cultures on tympanoplasty outcomes. Isr Med Assoc J. 2023;25(1):42-46.","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2021.102900"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-021-06913-3"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-6519(08)73289-8","article-title":"Factores de riesgo de fracaso de la miringoplastia: un estudio de casos y controles [Risk factors leading to failure in myringoplasty: a case-control study]","volume":"59","author":"Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez-Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez LE","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez-Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez LE, Angulo-Mart\u00ednez ES, Prieto-Rivera JA, Almario-Chaparro JE, Guzm\u00e1n-Dur\u00e1n JE, Lora-Falquez JG. Factores de riesgo de fracaso de la miringoplastia: un estudio de casos y controles [Risk factors leading to failure in myringoplasty: a case-control study]. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2008;59(4):176-182. Spanish.","journal-title":"Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-05992-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7874\/jao.2022.00108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000524312"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1258\/002221502760237966","article-title":"Paediatric revision myringoplasty: outcomes and prospects","volume":"116","author":"Berger G","year":"2002","unstructured":"Berger G, Berger S. Paediatric revision myringoplasty: outcomes and prospects. J Laryngol Otol. 2002;116(9):690-694.","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"101","key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"341","article-title":"Determinants of failure in the reconstruction of the tympanic membrane: a case-control study","volume":"30","author":"Dispenza F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dispenza F, Battaglia AM, Salvago P, Martines F. Determinants of failure in the reconstruction of the tympanic membrane: a case-control study. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;30(101):341-346.","journal-title":"Iran J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00464402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1649495"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000004399"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(91)90004-U"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(99)00012-7"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2014.0630","article-title":"Inosculation of blood vessels allows early perfusion and vitality of bladder grafts: implications for bioengineered bladder wall","volume":"21","author":"Osborn SL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Osborn SL, So M, Hambro S, Nolta JA, Kurzrock EA. Inosculation of blood vessels allows early perfusion and vitality of bladder grafts: implications for bioengineered bladder wall. Tissue Eng Part A. 2015;21(11-12):1906-1915.","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31818cbeb1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12014"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.03.035","article-title":"Enhanced perigraft angiogenesis prevents prosthetic graft infection","volume":"86","author":"Sato S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sato S, Nitta Y, Saiki Y, et al. Enhanced perigraft angiogenesis prevents prosthetic graft infection. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008;86(4):1278-1284.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00454257"}],"container-title":["Ear, Nose &amp; Throat Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01455613251329734","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01455613251329734","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01455613251329734","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:36:19Z","timestamp":1777401379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01455613251329734"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01455613251329734"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01455613251329734","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-5613","1942-7522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-5613","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"article-number":"01455613251329734"}}