{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:15:48Z","timestamp":1790007348363,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Joint Fund Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine","award":["No. 2025XYLH040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2025XYLH040"]}]},{"name":"the Chinese Medicine Discipline Leader Project of Hunan Province during the 14th Five-Year Plan period","award":["No. Xiang CM Medicine [2022] 4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. Xiang CM Medicine [2022] 4"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Clinical Research Center of Otolaryngology of Chinese Medicine","award":["No. 2021SK4024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2021SK4024"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Project of Hunan Provincial Education Department","award":["No. 23B0386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 23B0386"]}]},{"name":"the National Advantage Specialty Construction Unit of Chinese Medicine","award":["No. [2024] No. 90, 498 Department of Otolaryngolog"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. [2024] No. 90, 498 Department of Otolaryngolog"]}]},{"name":"Changsha Natural Science Foundation","award":["No. kq2403105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. kq2403105"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ear Nose Throat J"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-analysis aimed to assess and compare the results of microwave ablation (MWA) and surgical intervention for the management of solitary T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), including T1A- and T1B-staged tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. The variables included in the study were oncological outcomes, complications, surgery-related indicators, and tumor volume.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The findings from the meta-analysis indicated that, in comparison to surgical intervention, MWA treatment for isolated T1N0M0 PTC did not show significant differences in local tumor progression (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.91), new-onset tumors (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.88), lymph node metastasis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.19), technical success rate (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.00), local recurrence (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.50), transient hyperthyroidism (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.60), permanent hyperthyroidism (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.18), permanent hypoparathyroidism (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.07), transient hoarseness (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.29), hematoma (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.12), infection (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.27), and airway obstruction (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.14). In contrast, MWA significantly reduced the overall complication rate, hypothyroidism, transient hypoparathyroidism, permanent hoarseness, dysphagia, and laryngeal edema. MWA also shortened the operation time, bleeding volume, and hospital stay, lowered the treatment cost, reduced the size of the incision, reduced the tumor volume, and improved quality of life (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Subgroup analysis based on tumor stages showed similar trends in the outcome indicators within the T1A\/T1B subgroup. However, in the new-onset tumors, the risk of new tumors increased in the T1B subgroup (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.03).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasound-guided MWA may be a potential treatment option for highly selected patients with isolated T1N0M0 PTC. It shows advantages in short-term outcomes, but its long-term oncological safety still needs to be confirmed by longer and higher-quality studies. However, in the T1B subgroup, preoperative ultrasound or c\ufeffomputed t\ufeffomography (CT) examinations are required to screen for suspicious lymph nodes. If any suspicious metastasis is found, surgical treatment should be given priority.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613251415512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T16:35:08Z","timestamp":1769790908000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-Guided Microwave Ablation Versus Surgery for Solitary T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6522-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 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