{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:59:48Z","timestamp":1777910388725,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Educ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PURPOSE<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The purpose of this secondary analysis was to describe and compare adolescent females with and without diabetes in terms of use of condoms, pregnancy outcomes, and sexually transmitted disease (STD) outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>METHODS<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Data from a multisite, case-controlled, telephone survey study were used in a secondary analysis to evaluate the parameters stated in the purpose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The 87 females with type 1 diabetes and 45 nondiabetic females who participated were 16 to 22 years old. Most were Caucasian, in high school, and lived with their parents. No demographic differences were noted between the groups. Of those sexually active, for both groups, the most common contraceptive method was male condoms. Four females with diabetes and 2 without diabetes reported an unplanned pregnancy. Three females with diabetes reported an STD infection (chlamydia or trichomonas). Five females with diabetes and 4 nondiabetic females had abnormal pap tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Adolescent females with and without diabetes engaged in less than optimally protected sexual activity, which increased their risk for unplanned pregnancies and STD infections. Further research is needed of the incidence, treatment, and short-term and long-term complications of STDs in adolescent females with diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/014572170302900118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T15:37:42Z","timestamp":1207064262000},"page":"135-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Condom Use, Pregnancy, and STDs in Adolescent Females With and Without Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Donna","family":"Falsetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, School of Nursing, Department of Health Promotion and Development, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Charron-Prochownik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, School of Nursing, 440 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Sereika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Kitutu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, School of Nursing, Department of Health Promotion and Development, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Services Administration, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorothy","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Endocrinology, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Jacober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Detroit, Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil H.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Louis Children's Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Missouri."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","first-page":"658","volume-title":"Clin Pediatr","author":"Braverman PK","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0882-5963(99)80006-2"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2134865"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Braverman PK, Strasburger VC. Adolescent sexuality: sexually transmitted diseases, part 3. Clin Pediatr. 1994:26-37.","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289403300105"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014572179602200411"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00970050.1989.10616147"},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"46","volume-title":"Am J Nurs","author":"Sharps-Hopko NC","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"139","volume":"13","author":"Betz CL","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pediatr Nurs. Nurs Care Child Fain"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.16.5.841"},{"key":"atypb10","first-page":"24","volume":"34","author":"Carson CA","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Royal Col Physicians London"},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"30","volume":"2","author":"Charron-Prochownik D","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Comparing sexual activity, contraception, pregnancy, and STs between diabetic adolescent females and non-diabetic adolescent females: a secondary analysis dissertationn]","author":"Falsetti DJ","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb13","unstructured":"13. American Diabetes Association. Clinical Education Series. Medical Management of Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 1993: 15-19."},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"211","volume":"21","author":"York R","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"161","volume":"3","author":"Greene MF","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectrum"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.1992.1.81"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.16.12.1572"},{"key":"atypb18","first-page":"165","volume-title":"The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy","author":"Beers MH","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb19","first-page":"1088","volume-title":"The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy","author":"Beers MH","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb20","first-page":"1094","volume-title":"The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy","author":"Beers MH","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb21","unstructured":"21. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates; 1988: 24-27."},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.2.157"},{"key":"atypb23","first-page":"725","volume-title":"Clin Pediatr","author":"Braverman PK","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/073993399245935"}],"container-title":["The Diabetes Educator"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/014572170302900118","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/014572170302900118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:56:20Z","timestamp":1777647380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/014572170302900118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/014572170302900118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014572170302900118","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-7217","1554-6063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-7217","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-6063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}