{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T21:37:49Z","timestamp":1779917869176,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]],"date-time":"2014-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Educ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this project was to determine if a Performance-Improvement Continuing Medical Education (PI-CME) project, using the American Medical Association\u2019s methodology, would help improve the timeliness and comprehensiveness of foot examinations in patients with diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A PI-CME project was conducted with the Internal Medicine faculty staff physicians (n = 8) and residents (n = 45). Following the 3 steps of PI-CME, participants received baseline reports about their performance defined by the American Diabetes Association\u2019s guidelines for foot examinations (stage A). Each group received an educational intervention (stage B) and a reminder tool for use in the practice. Participants received individualized reports about their performance post intervention (stage C) for comparison with preintervention data and reflection on any changes in compliance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the faculty and resident clinics, the percentage of patients who received an annual foot examination when due increased significantly. Both clinics also showed improvements in the percentage of patients who received all 3 components of the exam, with the greatest improvement in the resident clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PI-CME approach can be successfully used both with faculty staff physicians (who receive CME credits) and residents (who do not receive credits) to improve performance on diabetes quality measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721714526789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]],"date-time":"2014-03-13T21:26:52Z","timestamp":1394746012000},"page":"281-289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Improving Foot Examinations in Patients With Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Szpunar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Department of Medical Education, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan (Dr Szpunar, Dr Minnick, Dr Dako, Mr Saravolatz)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven E.","family":"Minnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Department of Medical Education, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan (Dr Szpunar, Dr Minnick, Dr Dako, Mr Saravolatz)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imhoitsemeh","family":"Dako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Department of Medical Education, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan (Dr Szpunar, Dr Minnick, Dr Dako, Mr Saravolatz)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"II","given":"Louis D.","family":"Saravolatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Department of Medical Education, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan (Dr Szpunar, Dr Minnick, Dr Dako, Mr Saravolatz)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0145721714526789","volume-title":"National diabetes fact sheet: national estimates and general information on diabetes and prediabetes in the United States, 2011","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr2-0145721714526789","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-9021"},{"key":"bibr3-0145721714526789","unstructured":"McCullough DK. Evaluation of the diabetic foot. UptoDate. www.uptodate.com\/contents\/evaluation-of-the-diabetic-foot."},{"key":"bibr4-0145721714526789","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2625"},{"key":"bibr5-0145721714526789","volume-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers","author":"Margolis DJ","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr6-0145721714526789","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-S011"},{"key":"bibr7-0145721714526789","unstructured":"American Medical Association. The physician\u2019s recognition award and credit system. 2010 revision. http:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/ama\/pub\/education-careers\/continuing-medical-education\/physicians-recognition-award-credit-system"},{"key":"bibr8-0145721714526789","unstructured":"Hagglund KH, Minnick SE, Bruno T, DeRita N, Berriel-Cass D. The active-learner approach to continuing medical education: a performance improvement initiative. https:\/\/www.aamc.org\/download\/265234\/data\/82-theactivelearnerapproachtocme.pdf. Accessed July 2013."},{"key":"bibr9-0145721714526789","first-page":"42","volume":"6","author":"Szpunar SM","year":"2012","journal-title":"CE Measure"},{"key":"bibr10-0145721714526789","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-9021"},{"key":"bibr11-0145721714526789","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.2.217"},{"key":"bibr12-0145721714526789","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1666"},{"key":"bibr13-0145721714526789","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67672-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr14-0145721714526789","first-page":"205","volume":"3","author":"Nyman MA","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eff Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["The Diabetes Educator"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0145721714526789","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0145721714526789","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0145721714526789","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T15:08:02Z","timestamp":1777648082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0145721714526789"}},"subtitle":["A Performance Improvement Continuing Medical Education (PI-CME) Project"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0145721714526789"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0145721714526789","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-7217","1554-6063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-7217","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-6063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]}}}