{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:20:32Z","timestamp":1791919232949,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]],"date-time":"2008-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pers Soc Psychol Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The authors propose that the effects of multiple identities on psychological well-being depend on the number of identities, importance of those identities, and relationship between them. Specifically, this model predicts that when identities are highly important, having many versus few identities leads to greater psychological well-being if the identities are in harmony with each other\u2014providing resources and expecting similar behaviors\u2014but leads to lower psychological well-being if the identities conflict with each other\u2014depleting resources and expecting incompatible behaviors. However, when identities are less important, neither the number of identities nor identity harmony should affect well-being. The authors further propose that emotions corresponding to self-perceptions of actual\/ought self-discrepancies mediate these effects. Results supported this model. The authors discuss implications of this model for well-being in the context of the increasing social complexity of modern life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167208324629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,2]],"date-time":"2008-12-02T22:06:38Z","timestamp":1228255598000},"page":"1588-1600","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":164,"title":["The Effects of Multiple Identities on Psychological Well-Being"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Amara T.","family":"Brook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Clara University,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique A.","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions","author":"Aiken, L.S.","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10413209108406434"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.56.10.781"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.69.5.839"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022102033005005"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/352378"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1990.tb01421.x"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.77.1.135"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2096259"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2699.3.3.179"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6494.t01-1-00002"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6811.1994.tb00073.x"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136404"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"Greedy institutions","author":"Coser, L.","year":"1974"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/67.4.965"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.60.6.817"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01544282"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135228"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fleming, M.A. & Petty, R.E. (2000). Identity and persuasion: An elaboration likelihood approach. In D. J. Terry & M. A. Hogg (Eds.), Attitudes, behavior, and social context: The role of norms and group membership (pp. 171-199). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410603210-10"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.102.1.93"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2092933"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(84)90273-9"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.13.4.346"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.3.319"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11059-000"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167201279012"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-3506.2004.00278.x"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2695880"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/soco.1985.3.1.94"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.52.4.663"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167292183006"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/sop.2006.49.1.1"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2094577"},{"key":"atypb34","first-page":"693","volume":"67","author":"Menaghan, E.G.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"key":"atypb35","volume-title":"Social theory and social structure","author":"Merton, R.K.","year":"1957"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.89.6.852"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.63.1.5"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/SOCP.144.4.389-406"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.77.3.272"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306"},{"key":"atypb41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327957PSPR0601_2"},{"key":"atypb42","author":"Rimer, S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"The New York Times"},{"key":"atypb43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483327433"},{"key":"atypb44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167203261885"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.87.3.574"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2094422"},{"key":"atypb47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137224"},{"key":"atypb48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.53.6.1004"},{"key":"atypb49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stryker, S. & Serpe, R.T. (1982). Commitment, identity salience, and role behavior . In W. I. E. Knowles (Ed.), Personality, roles, and social behavior (pp. 199-218). New York\/ Berlin: Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-9469-3_7"},{"key":"atypb50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2786972"},{"key":"atypb51","unstructured":"Tajfel, H. & Turner, J.C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior . In S. Worchel & W. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson Hall."},{"key":"atypb52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2095103"},{"key":"atypb53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2786929"},{"key":"atypb54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-9188-1_13"},{"key":"atypb55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014920639702300405"},{"key":"atypb56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-2616(77)90044-4"},{"key":"atypb57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199907000-00001"},{"key":"atypb58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.68.6.1108"}],"container-title":["Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0146167208324629","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0146167208324629","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T15:47:35Z","timestamp":1777650455000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0146167208324629"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0146167208324629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0146167208324629","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-1672","1552-7433"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-1672","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-7433","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]]}}}