{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:04:29Z","timestamp":1777626269092,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,1]],"date-time":"2000-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":973036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> To assess a possible role of systemic inflammation in the resting metabolic response in AIDS patients with active secondary infections. <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> Fifty\u2010two patients with AIDS\u2010defined criteria and concomitant active infections and 19 healthy subjects were studied. Measurements were as follows: body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance; resting energy expenditure (REE) by 30\u2010minute indirect calorimetry; cytokine concentrations (IL\u20106, IFN\u03b1, TNF\u03b1, sTNF\u2010R1) by ELISA; C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen, and nutritional parameters by standard techniques. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> REE adjusted for fat\u2010free mass (REE<jats:sub>FFM<\/jats:sub>) was significantly increased in AIDS patients despite 39% of them not being hypermetabolic. The patients were undernourished and were found to have increased levels of acute\u2010phase proteins and increased concentrations of IL\u20106 and sTNF\u2010R1 relative to controls. REE parameters were positively related to CRP, ESR, ferritin, IL\u20106, and sTNF\u2010R1 and negatively related to albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin. CRP was an independent predictor of REE<jats:sub>FFM<\/jats:sub> in AIDS patients and explained 25% of its variability. Patients with severe inflammation (CRP \u2265 37 mg\/dL) were significantly hypermetabolic with respect to patients without inflammation (CRP &lt; 6 mg\/dL) and had higher levels of IL\u20106 and sTNF\u2010R1 and lower levels of albumin and prealbumin. Although no significant differences were observed with respect to the infection type, patients with tuberculosis and <jats:italic>Pneumocystis carinii<\/jats:italic> infections had higher resting metabolic and inflammatory responses, whereas patients with recurrent bacterial pneumonia were normometabolic and had lower levels of inflammatory markers. <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> Resting hypermetabolism observed in AIDS patients with concurrent active infections is related to the presence and severity of systemic cytokine\u2010driven inflammatory response, which could reflect the type of secondary infection. <jats:italic>(Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition<\/jats:italic> 24:317\u2013322, 2000)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607100024006317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,14]],"date-time":"2008-05-14T19:51:26Z","timestamp":1210794686000},"page":"317-322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Cytokine\u2010Driven 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