{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T05:33:13Z","timestamp":1776231193822,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]],"date-time":"2012-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]],"date-time":"2012-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007632","name":"Changhua Christian Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCH\u20104604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCH\u20104604"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>: Arginine deficiency and chronic inflammation may cause immune dysfunction. The authors previously showed that a pharmacological dose of parenteral arginine facilitates ornithine rather than nitric oxide production in subacute peritonitis. Herein, they investigated the effects of different doses of parenteral arginine supplementation on immunocytic subpopulation distribution and function. <jats:italic>Materials<\/jats:italic>: Male Wistar rats that underwent cecal punctures for induction of subacute peritonitis were infused with conventional parenteral nutrition solution (1.61% of total calories as arginine) or solutions supplemented with low\u2010, medium\u2010, or high\u2010dose arginine (2.85%, 4.08%, and 6.54% of total calories, respectively) for 7 days. Distributions of T cells, B cells, and monocytes\/macrophages and cytokine productions of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and splenocytes were analyzed. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: There were no significant differences in circulating white blood cell numbers and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2013\u03b1 and interferon (IFN)\u2013\u03b3 concentrations among groups. Serum nitrate\/nitrite (NOx) and interleukin (IL)\u20132 levels were significantly decreased by arginine in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Animals supplemented with parenteral arginine had significantly decreased productions of concanavalin (Con) A\u2013 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2013stimulated TNF\u2010\u03b1 in PBLs and splenocytes, spontaneous IL\u20106 and LPS\u2010stimulated IFN\u2010\u03b3 in PBLs, and LPS\u2010stimulated IL\u20106 in splenocytes. In addition, low\u2010dose arginine significantly increased production of spontaneous IFN\u2010\u03b3 in PBLs and splenocytes. High\u2010dose arginine significantly increased spontaneous TNF\u2010\u03b1, and Con A stimulated IL\u20104 and IL\u20106 in PBLs. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: Parenteral arginine administration at approximately 4% of total calories may alter PBLs and splenocytic immunity, and &gt;6% of total calories might not be of benefit in rats with subacute peritonitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607111429793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]],"date-time":"2012-01-24T02:41:42Z","timestamp":1327372902000},"page":"741-749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Appropriate Dose of Parenteral Arginine Enhances Immunity of Peripheral Blood Cells and Splenocytes in Rats With Subacute Peritonitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Ya\u2010Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Hsing","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Sung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Chou","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Chen","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-009-0468-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19970501)79:9<1828::AID-CNCR28>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519060120030301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01486071050290S1S70"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000279191.44730.A2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccx.0000235206.92697.bf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(94)90065-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"218","article-title":"Perioperative nutrition for gastrointestinal surgery","volume":"105","author":"Ikeda K","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199507000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/clnu.2001.0465"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2006.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i15.2223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2007.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.76.3.203","article-title":"Activation of the L\u2010arginine nitric oxide pathway in severe sepsis","volume":"76","author":"Duke T","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322006000100012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20041326"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607190014003237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607107031002101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"90","article-title":"To give or not to give? 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