{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:24:38Z","timestamp":1760919878256,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]],"date-time":"2013-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]],"date-time":"2013-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362528000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000401","name":"Pharmacy Practice Research Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Galen201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Galen201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>: Handwritten recycled paper prescription for parenteral nutrition (PN) may become a concentrated source of viable contaminants, including pathogens. This study examined the effect of using fresh printouts of electronic prescriptions on these contaminants. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>: Cellulose sponge stick swabs with neutralizing buffer were used to sample the surfaces of PN prescriptions (n = 32 handwritten recycled; n = 32 printed electronic) on arrival to the pharmacy or following printing and PN prescriptions and bags packaged together during delivery (n = 38 handwritten recycled; n = 34 printed electronic) on arrival to hospital wards. Different media plates and standard microbiological procedures identified the type and number of contaminants. <jats:italic>Results: Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, fungi, and mold were infrequent contaminants. Nonspecific aerobes more frequently contaminated handwritten recycled than printed electronic prescriptions (into pharmacy, 94% vs 44%, Fisher exact test <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001; onto wards, 76% vs 50%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .028), with greater numbers of colony\u2010forming units (CFU) (into pharmacy, median 130 [interquartile range (IQR), 65\u2013260] vs 0 [0\u201375], Mann\u2010Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001; onto wards, median 120 [15\u2013320] vs 10 [0\u201340], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .001). Packaging with handwritten recycled prescriptions led to more frequent nonspecific aerobic bag surface contamination (63% vs 41%, Fisher exact test <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .097), with greater numbers of CFU (median 40 [IQR, 0\u201380] vs 0 [0\u201340], Mann\u2010Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .036). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: The use of printed electronic PN prescriptions can reduce microbial loads for contamination of surfaces that compromises aseptic techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607113480182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]],"date-time":"2013-03-06T21:58:02Z","timestamp":1362607082000},"page":"254-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comparison of the Surface Contaminants of Handwritten Recycled and Printed Electronic Parenteral Nutrition Prescriptions and Their Transfer to Bag Surfaces During Delivery to Hospital Wards"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Peter David","family":"Austin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kieran Sean","family":"Hand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marinos","family":"Elia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490712200205"},{"volume-title":"Prevention of Hospital\u2010Acquired Infections: A Practical Guide","year":"2002","author":"Ducel G","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Bacterial contamination of patients\u2019 medical charts in a surgical ward and the intensive care unit: impact on nosocomial infections","volume":"42","author":"Teng SO","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"volume-title":"BS EN ISO 14\u2010644\u20101: Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments\u2014Part 1: Classification of Air Cleanliness","year":"1999","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1"},{"volume-title":"Quality Assurance of Aseptic Preparation Services","year":"2006","author":"Beaney AM","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1"},{"volume-title":"Rules and Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Distributors","year":"2002","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1"},{"first-page":"53","volume-title":"A Mixed Bag: An Enquiry Into the Care of Hospital Patients Receiving Parenteral Nutrition","author":"Stewart JAD","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2008.10.007"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607113480182","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0148607113480182","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607113480182","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T09:27:48Z","timestamp":1760866068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0148607113480182"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0148607113480182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0148607113480182","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-6071","1941-2444"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0148-6071"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1941-2444"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]]}}}