{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T22:31:05Z","timestamp":1793053865819,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]],"date-time":"2013-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]],"date-time":"2013-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> Limited data support a recommended maximum osmolarity for administration of peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN). In this retrospective, matched\u2010cohort study, we evaluated the incidence of phlebitis or infiltration associated with administration of PPN with an osmolarity &gt;1000 mOsm\/L vs \u22641000 mOsm\/L. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>: Patients \u226418 years old who received PPN in a 2\u2010year period were included in the study. Data related to patient demographics, PPN constituents, and adverse effects were analyzed. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: A total of 352 patients met entry criteria. Overall, 139 (40%) patients experienced phlebitis or infiltration. There were no differences between patients who did or did not develop adverse events in terms of age or weight. Administration of PPN with osmolarity &gt;1000 mOsm\/L vs \u22641000 mOsm\/L significantly increased infiltration (17% vs 7%; odds ratio [OR, 2.47]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24\u20134.94; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .01) and the combined composite end point of phlebitis or infiltration (45% vs 34%; OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.07\u20132.54; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02). In multivariate analysis, osmolarity &gt;1000 mOsm\/L vs \u22641000 mOsm\/L was an independent risk factor for developing complications (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.08\u20132.52; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: Two of every 5 children experienced phlebitis or infiltration during administration of PPN. These adverse effects were more often observed in those who received PPN with osmolarity &gt;1000 mOsm\/L vs \u22641000 mOsm\/L. With this high incidence of adverse effects, we recommend that if PPN is used, the osmolarity should not exceed 1000 mOsm\/L. More important, PPN should only be used temporarily until central access is obtained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607113495569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]],"date-time":"2013-07-12T22:16:32Z","timestamp":1373667392000},"page":"847-851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Maximum Tolerated Osmolarity for Peripheral Administration of Parenteral Nutrition in Pediatric Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Shannon","family":"Dugan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita K.","family":"Jew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0261-5614(91)90090-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607193017005468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1979.01370320029005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607102026001011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/30.4.552","article-title":"Parenteral nutrition of adults with a 900 milliosmolar solution via peripheral veins","volume":"30","author":"Issacs JW","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","volume-title":"Parenteral Alimentation in Surgery","author":"Elman R","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"2000 Poster presented at: 35th Annual ASHP Clinical Meeting Las Vegas NV TA Metjian I Seri RK Jew Osmolarity of peripherally administered hyperalimentation and the incidence of phlebitis in the neonatal intensive care unit"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","article-title":"Infusion nursing standards of practice","volume":"23","author":"Intravenous Nurses Society","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Intraven Nurs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533609351318"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607189013006637"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800781140"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607113495569","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0148607113495569","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607113495569","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T11:25:48Z","timestamp":1760873148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0148607113495569"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0148607113495569"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0148607113495569","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-6071","1941-2444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-6071","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-2444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]]}}}