{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T21:21:34Z","timestamp":1771968094445,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> The appropriate calorie intake to be provided to critically ill patients via enteral nutrition (EN) remains unclear. We performed a meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare the effect of initial underfeeding and full feeding in acutely critically ill patients. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:italic> We searched the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases to identify randomized controlled trials that compared underfeeding with full feeding in critically ill patients. The primary outcome was overall mortality. The secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, incidence of pneumonia, <jats:italic>Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic> colitis, other infectious complications, and gastrointestinal intolerance. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> In total, 4 studies were included in this meta\u2010analysis. There was no significant difference in overall mortality between the underfeeding and full\u2010feeding groups (odds ratio [OR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74\u20131.19; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 26.6%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .61). Subgroup analysis of the underfeeding subgroup that was fed \u226533.3% of the standard caloric requirement indicated that overall mortality was significantly lower in this underfeeding subgroup than in the full\u2010feeding group (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40\u20131.00; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .05). In contrast, no difference in overall mortality was noted between the underfeeding subgroup that was fed &lt;33.3% of the standard caloric requirement and the full\u2010feeding group. The length of hospital stay and length of ICU stay did not differ between the 2 groups. Moreover, no differences in other secondary clinical outcomes were noted. <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> None of the analyzed clinical outcomes for the acutely critically ill patients were significantly influenced by the calorie intake of the initial EN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114544322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,31]],"date-time":"2014-07-31T00:43:42Z","timestamp":1406767422000},"page":"291-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Calorie Intake of Enteral Nutrition and Clinical Outcomes in Acutely Critically Ill Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Eun 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