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A 6\u2010hour [<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>] glycine IV infusion was administered at study week 1 to determine the fractional synthetic rate of GSH (FSR\u2010GSH). <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> Baseline characteristics were similar between the CYS (n = 17) and ISO groups (n = 21). Erythrocyte GSH and total glutathione concentrations, GSH:oxidized GSH (GSSG), and FSR\u2010GSH after treatment were not different between groups. However, the CYS group had a larger individual positive change in GSH and total glutathione (infusion day \u2013 baseline) compared with the ISO group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02 for each). After adjusting for treatment, a lower enrollment weight and rate of red blood cell transfusion were associated with a decreased change in total glutathione and GSH (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05 for each). <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> When compared with isonitrogenous noncysteine supplementation, high\u2010dose cysteine supplementation for at least 1 week in critically ill neonates resulted in a larger and more positive individual change in GSH. Smaller infants and those who received transfused blood demonstrated less effective change in GSH with cysteine supplementation. The benefit of cysteine remains promising and deserves further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114546375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]],"date-time":"2014-08-19T23:34:42Z","timestamp":1408491282000},"page":"226-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effect of High\u2010Dose Cysteine Supplementation on Erythrocyte Glutathione"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Kara L.","family":"Calkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Hong","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kym F.","family":"Faull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thuc","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Shew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000087586"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.665236"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)90036-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.19.2357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.05.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e3182231074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/76.3.646"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2011.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2012.0103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200104000-00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198408000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00075197-200007000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.169.3940.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.1984.tb08650.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0022-3476(03)00419-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/88.2.333","article-title":"Glutathione synthesis rates after amino acid administration directly after birth in preterm infants","volume":"88","author":"Braake FW","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181ca036f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2477"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e318180e499"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb14914.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.3.565"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"296A","article-title":"Effects of cysteine on endogenous synthesis of taurine and glutathione by premature neonates receiving parenteral nutrition","volume":"47","author":"Shew SB","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"YoonAJ ShewS WatsonJB FaullKF.Simultaneous LC\u2010ESI\u2010MSMS\u2010MRM quantification of glutathione and six related compounds. 1520 TP26. 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