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Advanced heart failure is frequently associated with severe muscle wasting, termed <jats:italic>cardiac cachexia<\/jats:italic>. This process is driven by systemic inflammation and tumor necrosis factor in a manner common to other forms of disease\u2010related wasting seen with cancer or human immunodeficiency virus. A variable degree of malnutrition is often superimposed from poor nutrient intake. Cardiac cachexia significantly decreases quality of life and survival in patients with heart failure. This review outlines the evaluation of nutrition status in heart failure, explores the pathophysiology of cardiac cachexia, and discusses therapeutic interventions targeting wasting in these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114566854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,30]],"date-time":"2015-01-30T00:11:39Z","timestamp":1422576699000},"page":"475-486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":220,"title":["Malnutrition and Cachexia in Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed","family":"Jafry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khursheed","family":"Jeejeebhoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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