{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:43:24Z","timestamp":1760921004925,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429660800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81201458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81201458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic>Parenteral nutrition (PN) has been found to influence duodenal motility in animals. Choline is an essential nutrient, and its deficiency is related to PN\u2010associated organ diseases. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the role of choline supplementation in an infant rat model of PN\u2010associated duodenal motility disorder. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>: Three\u2010week\u2010old Sprague\u2010Dawley male rats were fed chow and water (controls), PN solution (PN), or PN plus intravenous choline (600 mg\/kg) (PN + choline). Rats underwent jugular vein cannulation for infusion of PN solution or 0.9% saline (controls) for 7 days. Duodenal oxidative stress status, concentrations of plasma choline, phosphocholine, and betaine and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2013\u03b1 were assayed. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of c\u2010Kit proto\u2010oncogene protein (c\u2010Kit) and membrane\u2010bound stem cell factor (mSCF) together with the electrophysiological features of slow waves in the duodenum were also evaluated. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: Rats on PN showed increased reactive oxygen species; decreased total antioxidant capacity in the duodenum; reduced plasma choline, phosphocholine, and betaine; and enhanced serum TNF\u2010\u03b1 concentrations, which were reversed by choline intervention. In addition, PN reduced mRNA and protein expression of mSCF and c\u2010Kit, which were inversed under choline administration. Moreover, choline attenuated depolarized resting membrane potential and declined the frequency and amplitude of slow waves in duodenal smooth muscles of infant rats induced by PN, respectively. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: The addition of choline to PN may alleviate the progression of duodenal motor disorder through protecting smooth muscle cells from injury, promoting mSCF\/c\u2010Kit signaling, and attenuating impairment of interstitial cells of Cajal in the duodenum during PN feeding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607115583674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T22:51:26Z","timestamp":1429743086000},"page":"995-1005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Choline Alleviates Parenteral Nutrition\u2013Associated Duodenal Motility Disorder in Infant 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