{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:53:39Z","timestamp":1770749619392,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513555200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>: Soybean oil (SO) emulsions are associated with intestinal failure\u2013associated liver disease (IFALD); fish oil (FO) emulsions are used to treat IFALD. SO and FO differ with respect to their fatty acid and phytosterol content. In children with IFALD whose SO was replaced with FO, we aimed to (1) quantify changes in erythrocyte fatty acids and plasma phytosterols, cytokines, and bile acids and (2) correlate these changes with direct bilirubin (DB). <jats:italic>Design<\/jats:italic>: This study enrolled IFALD children who received 6 months of FO. Blood samples were collected prior to FO, and after 2 weeks and 3 and 6 months of FO. The primary outcome was 3\u2010month vs baseline biomarker concentrations. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: At study initiation, the median patient age was 3 months (interquartile range, 3\u201317 months), and mean \u00b1 standard deviation DB was 5.6 \u00b1 0.7 mg\/dL (n = 14). Cholestasis reversed in 79% of subjects. Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid was greater than baseline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001, all time points). Linoleic and arachidonic acid and sitosterol and stigmasterol were less than baseline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05, all time points). Three\u2010 and 6\u2010month interleukin\u20108 (IL\u20108) and total and conjugated bile acids were less than baseline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). Baseline IL\u20108 was correlated with baseline DB (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.71, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01). Early changes in stigmasterol and IL\u20108 were correlated with later DB changes (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.68 and 0.75, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: Specific fat emulsion components may play a role in IFALD. Stigmasterol and IL\u20108 may predict FO treatment response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607117709196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]],"date-time":"2017-05-18T20:18:34Z","timestamp":1495138714000},"page":"633-641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Intravenous Fish Oil and Pediatric Intestinal Failure\u2013Associated Liver Disease: Changes in Plasma Phytosterols, Cytokines, and Bile Acids and Erythrocyte Fatty Acids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Kara L.","family":"Calkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"DeBarber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martiniano J.","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tristan R.","family":"Grogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne M.","family":"Henning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurie","family":"Reyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Venick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.03.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607115588334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607113495416"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","article-title":"Long\u2010term fish oil lipid emulsion use in children with intestinal failure associated liver disease","author":"Nandivada P","year":"2016","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","article-title":"Parenteral plant sterols accumulate in the liver reflecting their increased serum levels and portal inflammation in children with intestinal failure","author":"Hukkinen M","year":"2016","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00106.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006898"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25500"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-0459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.22.020702.075220"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10D","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.03.014","article-title":"Cholesterol and plant sterol absorption: recent insights","volume":"96","author":"von Bergmann K","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318170956a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182474118"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.088781"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114556494"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021381"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.2004.tb00905.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.008557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.1.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02535870"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2008.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114567900"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607117709196","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0148607117709196","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607117709196","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T11:34:41Z","timestamp":1760873681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0148607117709196"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0148607117709196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0148607117709196","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-6071","1941-2444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-6071","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-2444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]}}}