{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T21:25:34Z","timestamp":1775510734249,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]],"date-time":"1979-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":294364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study was aimed at identifying non\u2010invasive techniques and criteria for predicting the proper length for insertion of a nasogastric tube for tube feeding so that the tube tip would be located in the fundus or body of the stomach. A review of literature and existing practices revealed unsubstantiated and discrepant methods currently in use and justified the need for this research. The study involved relating several external body measurements to a measurement from the tip of the nose to the lower esophageal sphincter, via the esophagus, in 99 adult cadavers and 5 normal adult volunteers. A variety of analyses including stepwise multiple regression, were used and are presented. A formula is presented and is stated to provide a 91% confidence level of tube tip placement in the stomach between 1 and 10 cm. This is compared to a confidence level of 72% using the traditional nose to ear to xiphoid measurement. The formula is ((NEX\u201050cm) \/2)) + 50cm when NEX is the distance from the tip of the nose to the earlobe to vthe xiphoid. Two methods for simple mechanical clinical application are described.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/014860717900300310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,11]],"date-time":"2017-07-11T06:46:49Z","timestamp":1499755609000},"page":"160-163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Predictive Criteria for Length of Nasogastric Tube Insertion for Tube Feeding"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Hanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1979,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"1A","article-title":"Hyperosmolar feeding solutions with the avoidance of diarrhea","volume":"1","author":"Wilburn AL","year":"1977","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"5A","article-title":"Intermittent versus continuous elemental diet","volume":"1","author":"Wolfe BM","year":"1977","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","volume-title":"Textbook of Medical\u2010Surgical Nursing.","author":"Brunner LS","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1952.01260020387005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","volume-title":"Scientific Principles in Nursing","author":"Gregg SH","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","volume-title":"Nurses Handbook of Fluid Balance.","author":"Metheny NM","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","volume-title":"Concepts and Practices of Intensive Care for Nurse Specialists.","author":"Phipps W","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","volume-title":"Medical Surgical Nursing.","author":"Shafer KM","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","volume-title":"Communicating Nursing Research","author":"Walike B","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","volume-title":"Textbook of Medical Physiology","author":"Guyton AC","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","volume-title":"Physiology of the Digestive Tract","author":"Davenport HW","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"Current Perspectives in Gastroenterology.","author":"Raffensperger EC","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","volume-title":"Textbook of Pediatric Nursing.","author":"Marlow DR","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Patient Care.","author":"Kozier BB","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"726","volume-title":"Nursing Care of the Patient with Medical\u2010Surgical Disorders","author":"Elrod RE","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","volume-title":"Textbook of Psychiatric Nursing","author":"Noyes A","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"605","volume-title":"Nursing Procedure Book.","author":"Virginia Mason Hospital","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-88-21588"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","volume-title":"An Atlas of Esophageal Motility in Health and Disease.","author":"Code CF","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01070845","article-title":"A method of translating esophageal pressure tracings into digital data for computer evaluation","volume":"18","author":"Fox JE","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am. 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Dis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/014860717900300310","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T18:31:02Z","timestamp":1760639462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/014860717900300310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1979,5]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/014860717900300310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014860717900300310","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-6071","1941-2444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-6071","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-2444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1979,5]]}}}