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Amniotic fluid obtained before and after hyperalimentation was assayed for fetal surfactant production, thyroid, pituitary, and carbohydrate regulating hormones. In the combined amino acid\/dextrose infusion group the amniotic fluid palmitic acid levels increased significantly post infusion; rT<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> also increased significantly but T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> and T<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> showed no significant change. The pituitary hormones growth hormone, prolactin, and ACTH showed no significant change, but \u03b2\u2010endorphin\u2010like activity was significantly elevated. No thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone was detected in any of the samples. All the carbohydrate regulating hormones, insulin, cortisol, and cAMP, showed significant increases but cGMP showed a significant decrease. The amino acid and dextrose only groups gave similar results. Seven of the infants showed some degree of intrauterine growth retardation but no neonatal complications attributable to the hyperalimentation. 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