{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T02:52:02Z","timestamp":1778295122477,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,1,1]],"date-time":"1989-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":599616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We evaluated the extent and effects of bacterial contamination of an open continuous enteral feeding system. Eighty\u2010two quantitative enteral feeding cultures and clinical data were obtained during 8 days of observation on each of 33 patients. Cultures of appropriate sites were obtained on febrile patients and compared to the enteral feeding culture.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Gram negative bacilli (GNB) in the enteral feeding correlated with abdominal distension in the patients (10 of 12 patients with GNB compared to 5 of 21 without GNB; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Nine of the 10 patients with GNB and distension were receiving systemic antimicrobics to which the organism was resistant. Contamination of feeding with <jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic> correlated with cultures for the same organism in patients' other body sites (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). The feeding contaminant may have been the source of sepsis in one patient who expired from septic shock. No relationship was demonstrated between contamination and liquid stools or fever.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Undiluted, canned feedings were significantly less contaminated at 24 hr (15%) than those requiring mixing of powder (94%) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). The canned feedings grew primarily enteric organisms, whereas the powder feedings grew flora typically resident on the skin.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Mixing or diluting feedings appears to represent an increased risk of contamination. Growth of GNB may produce adverse effects. Further investigation into methods to limit contamination and growth is warranted. <jats:italic>(Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition<\/jats:italic> 13:18\u201322, 1989)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718901300118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,14]],"date-time":"2008-05-14T19:51:26Z","timestamp":1210794686000},"page":"18-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Microbial Contamination of Continuous Drip Feedings"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Curtis P.","family":"Freedland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Roller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce M.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil M.","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1989,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"A prospective survey of contamination of enteral feeding solutions in the clinical setting. 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IN Report of the Ross Workshop on Contamination of Enteral Feeding Products During Clinical Usage","author":"Byrum B.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Microbial contamination of enteral liquid nutritional systems. IN Report of the Ross Workshop on Contamination of Enteral Feeding Products During Clinical Usage","author":"Iannini P.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Contamination of enteral feeding: an evaluation of environmental and procedural services. IN Report of the Ross Workshop on Contamination of Enteral Feeding Products During Clinical Usage","author":"Kotilainen H.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"A study of microbial contamination of enteral nutrient solutions","volume":"5","author":"Mandal J.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nutritional Support Services"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607182006003232"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Effects of time, temperature, and preservative on bacterial growth in enteral nutrient solutions","volume":"41","author":"Fagerman K.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Hosp Pharm"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/014860718901300118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T18:48:06Z","timestamp":1760640486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/014860718901300118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/014860718901300118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014860718901300118","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-6071","1941-2444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-6071","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-2444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,1]]}}}