{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:35:31Z","timestamp":1760661331501,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,7,1]],"date-time":"1991-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":678326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of xylitol as an alternative carbohydrate calorie source in total parenteral nutrition may offer unique pharmacologic and nutritional properties in the therapy of the thermally injured. Male Sprague\u2010Dawley rats (250 g) received a 15\u2010second dorsal scald injury (25\u201330% BSA) and were parenterally fed isovolemic diets (60 ml\/day) that provided 200 kcal\/kg\/d, 9.68 g of amino acids\/kg\/d, and 23.5% nonprotein calories (NPC) as fat for 3 days. The balance of NPC were provided as dextrose (Dex) or 50% xylitol:50% dextrose (Xyl\/ Dex). Rectus muscle and liver fractional protein synthetic rates (FSR, %\/day), whole body leucine appearance (Flux), oxidation (OX), protein breakdown (PB), and synthesis (PS) were estimated using a 4\u2010hour iv infusion of [1\u2010<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup> C]leucine on day 3. Mean values (\u00b1SE) for leucine kinetics (\u03bcmol leucine\/hr\/100 g), cumulative nitrogen balance (mg N) and plasma insulin concentration (Table I). (\u03bcU\/mL). The partial replacement of dextrose calories with xylitol did not significantly alter whole body and tissue leucine kinetics, daily and cumulative nitrogen balance, insulin concentration, and energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry). These data indicate that xylitol may be useful as an alternative carbohydrate calorie source in parenteral nutrition to avoid possible deleterious side effects of glucose overfeeding in the critically ill but did not improve protein metabolism under the conditions of this study. 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