{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T15:37:29Z","timestamp":1760888249837,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,7,1]],"date-time":"1992-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":709948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Fatty acid levels (from C14:0 to C22:6n3) in plasma lipid fractions were prospectively studied in 11 cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatic encephalopathy and compared with those in 23 cirrhotic patients without chronic hepatic encephalopathy with similar age, sex distribution, and liver and nutritional status, and in 11 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched, healthy subjects. Plasma lipid fractions were separated by thin\u2010layer chromatography and fatty acids were identified by capillary column gas\u2010liquid chromatography. Total n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid plasma levels were lower in cirrhotic patients\u2014with and without chronic hepatic encephalopathy\u2014than in control subjects. In addition, arachidonic acid levels, both in total lipids and fractions, were lower in patients with than in those without chronic encephalopathy. On the other hand, a selective decrease of plasma docosahexaenoic acid (a major component of neuronal membranes) was observed in those patients with chronic encephalopathy as compared with both control and cirrhotic subjects without chronic encephalopathy. These findings may be due to various mechanisms. Differences in long\u2010chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content in fish\u2010 and meat\u2010restricted diets partly may account for these findings. However, it could be speculated that polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis may be reduced further in patients with chronic hepatic encephalopathy because of either a decrease in portal essential fatty acid extraction in the postabsorptive phase due to portal\u2010systemic shunting or to the effect of protein\u2010restricted diets. Furthermore, the finding of low plasma docosahexaenoic acid in these patients raises the possibility that this deficiency might be an additional pathogenic factor in chronic hepatic encephalopathy. (<jats:italic>Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>16:<\/jats:bold>359\u2013363, 1992)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607192016004359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,14]],"date-time":"2008-05-14T19:51:26Z","timestamp":1210794686000},"page":"359-363","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Liver Cirrhosis With or Without Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Eduard","family":"Cabr\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L.","family":"Periago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juana","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferr\u00e1n","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Huix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agueda","family":"Abad\u2010Lacruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferm\u00edn","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Esteve\u2010Comas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Ba\u00f1ares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Planas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Gassull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7827(81)90012-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.6.1815"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"712","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency in liver cirrhosis: Its relation to associated protein\u2010energy malnutrition (preliminary report)","volume":"83","author":"Cabr\u00e9 E.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"1597","article-title":"Plasma fatty acid profile in advanced cirrhosis: Unsaturation deficit of lipid fractions","volume":"85","author":"Cabr\u00e9 E.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Prothrombin time and fat absorption in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"51","author":"Jenkins DJA","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Sci Mol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Enc\u00e9phalopatie h\u00e9patique chronique du cirrhotique et anastomose porto\u2010cave spontan\u00e9e. 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