{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:38:54Z","timestamp":1792827534291,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,5,1]],"date-time":"1993-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":736214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Routine transpyloric placement of feeding tubes reduces aspiration in intensive care unit patients. Spontaneous passage eliminates the need for radiologic or endoscopic intervention. It is unclear whether the addition of a weight to the end of the tube or the use of the prokinetic agent metoclopramide in the conventional dose (10 mg) improves spontaneous transpyloric placement. In a randomized, prospective trial, 39 intensive care unit patients (age &gt;2 years) had a total of 50 nasoenteral tubes placed after intravenous metoclopramide (20 mg in adults, 0.2 mg\/kg in children). The tubes were 8 French in diameter with either a weighted end or an unweighted bullet tip. Tip position was confirmed radiographically within 4 hours after blinded placement and at 1 and 2 days if spontaneous passage had not occurred. At 4 hours, 36% of the weighted tubes and 84% of the unweighted tubes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;.002) had passed through the pylorus. At 1 day, 48% of the weighted tubes and 86% of the unweighted tubes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;.007) had achieved transpyloric position. At 2 days, 56% and 92% of the weighted and unweighted tubes, respectively, had passed through the pylorus (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;.009, \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). The occurrence of transpyloric passage and the rapidity at which it occurred was significantly greater for the unweighted tube during all time periods. A poststudy trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of the normal dose of metoclopramide (10 mg in adults and 0.1 mg\/kg in children) and the transpyloric passage of the unweighted feeding tube. Twenty\u2010five patients received 10 mg of metoclopramide before the insertion of the unweighted tube. Within a 4\u2010hour period, 22 (88%) of 25 tubes passed through the pylorus spontaneously. There was no statistical difference between the use of 10 and 20 mg of metoclopramide. The combination of preinsertion metoclopramide and a tapered, unweighted feeding tube achieved transpyloric position in a vast majority of intensive care unit patients, obviating the need for additional intervention. (<jats:italic>Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>17:<\/jats:bold>271\u2013273, 1993)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607193017003271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,14]],"date-time":"2008-05-14T19:51:26Z","timestamp":1210794686000},"page":"271-273","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["Comparison of Weighted vs Unweighted Enteral Feeding Tubes for Efficacy of Transpyloric Intubation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Linda M.","family":"Lord","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Weiser\u2010Maimone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marsha","family":"Pulhamus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry C.","family":"Sax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Enteral nutrition. Potential complications and patient monitoring","volume":"24","author":"Kohn CL","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nurs Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Pre and post\u2010pyloric enteral feeding: Analysis of safety and complications (Abstr)","volume":"8","author":"Kiver KF","year":"1984","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607184008006679"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607188012005469"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607188012002135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"22S","article-title":"Enteral feeding during operative procedures (Abstr)","volume":"15","author":"Jenkins M.","year":"1991","journal-title":"JPEN"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607193017003271","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T18:57:13Z","timestamp":1760641033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0148607193017003271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,5]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0148607193017003271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0148607193017003271","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-6071","1941-2444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-6071","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-2444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,5]]}}}