{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:51:21Z","timestamp":1790387481822,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]],"date-time":"1994-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":762480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of cachexia may complicate cancer therapy, yet controversy exists concerning its nutritional management. For example, use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may not be appropriate because of gut atrophy, possible stimulation of tumor growth, and lack of total host protein repletion. In the present experiment, host and tumor responses were compared after identical parenteral or enteral nutritional supplementation (EN). Eighteen days after subcutaneous inoculation of adult male Fischer\u2010344 rats with fresh methylcholanthrene\u2010induced sarcoma (tumor\u2010bearing [TB] rats), catheters were placed into either the external jugular vein or the stomach. Four days later, rats were started on an 11\u2010day course of either TPN or EN with a Freamine\u2010III\u2010based formula (amino acids = 6%, dextrose = 21.5%, lipid = 1.5%). When the rats were killed, there was no difference in tumor weight between the various TB groups. Carcass weight was increased significantly in both the TB\u2010TPN and TB\u2010EN groups, and there was an elevation in gastrocnemius protein content in both groups compared with the TB\u2010rat food group. Small intestine protein was preserved in the TB\u2010EN group to the level observed in the control\u2010rat food animals. Total lipids in the liver were increased in both TB\u2010TPN and TB\u2010EN groups; however, the magnitude of the increase was less in the TB\u2010EN animals. Neither treatment resulted in complete protein repletion of tumor\u2010bearing rats. EN may be more appropriate than TPN in that gut mass is preserved. The maintenance of gut mucosa may prove to be beneficial in the treatment of the depleted, immunocompromised, and metabolically stressed host. 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