{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T05:19:20Z","timestamp":1777439960535,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,3,1]],"date-time":"1995-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":794016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> Fasting is associated with significant structural, functional, and metabolic alterations in the intestinal mucosa. Before abdominal surgery, patients are usually fasted the night before surgery or for a longer period of time if chronic illness is present. The splanchnic organs may experience varying degrees of ischemia\/reperfusion as blood vessels are occluded during the various manipulations. <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> To study whether fasting alters intestinal reperfusion injury, rats were fasted for 0 to 2 days, and the mesenteric artery was occluded for 30 minutes and then reperfused for 1 hour. Mucosal atrophy was quantitated by measuring jejunal villus height and crypt depth, and mucosal injury was quantitated by measuring jejunal villus width to villus height and mucosal integrity. To determine whether any effect of fasting on reperfusion injury was due to the absence of luminal nutrients or to a systemic nutrient deficiency, rats were fed parenterally for 7 days before ischemia\/reperfusion. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> A 1\u2010day fast produced significant mucosal atrophy. Reperfusion in the O\u2010day and 1\u2010day fasted animals produced mucosal injury and additional mucosal atrophy. After a 2\u2010day fast, there was no mucosal injury or mucosal atrophy other than that produced by fasting alone. Parenteral feeding before ischemia\/reperfusion did not prevent ischemia\/reperfusion induced mucosal atrophy and injury. <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> The protective effect of a 2\u2010day fast before intestinal ischemia\/reperfusion cannot be attributed to the physical and chemical absence of food within the intestinal lumen. (<jats:italic>Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>19:<\/jats:bold>127\u2013132, 1995)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607195019002127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,14]],"date-time":"2008-05-14T19:51:26Z","timestamp":1210794686000},"page":"127-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fasting\u2010Induced Reduction of Intestinal Reperfusion Injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Bobbi","family":"Langkamp\u2010Henken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth A.","family":"Kudsk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth G.","family":"Proctor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y86-211"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.47.1.65","article-title":"The effect of fasting on disaccharidase activity in the rat small intestine","volume":"47","author":"McNeill LK","year":"1971","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1968.215.1.75","article-title":"Effect of starvation on the tissue composition of the small intestine in the rat","volume":"215","author":"Steiner M.","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"301","volume-title":"Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract","author":"Johnson LR","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1970.01340280030009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0590317"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)33763-1","article-title":"Effect of fasting versus feeding on the rat small intestine: morphological, biochemical, and functional differences","volume":"59","author":"McManus JPA","year":"1970","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001330403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury: role of oxygen\u2010derived free radicals","volume":"548","author":"Granger N.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.65.2.426"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Physiology of the Intestinal Circulation","author":"Haglund U.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01001047"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1987.67.5.0739"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.68.4.1045"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Role of leukocytes in reperfusion\u2010induced intestinal dysfunction","volume":"5","author":"Kubes P.","year":"1992","journal-title":"DN&P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"G143","article-title":"Ischemia\u2010reperfusion in feline small intestine: a role for nitric oxide","volume":"264","author":"Kubes P.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"H862","article-title":"Nitric oxide prevents leukocyte adherence: role of superoxide","volume":"265","author":"Gaboury J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(88)90156-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(75)80232-0","article-title":"Structural and hormonal alterations in the gastrointestinal tract of parenterally fed rats","volume":"68","author":"Johnson LR","year":"1975","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198211000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(73)80055-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/105.6.776","article-title":"Intestinal disaccharidase and peroxidase activities in parenterally nourished rats","volume":"105","author":"Castro GA","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)32752-0","article-title":"Role of oral intake in maintenance of gut mass and disaccharide activity","volume":"67","author":"Levine GM","year":"1974","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0148607195019002127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T16:04:13Z","timestamp":1760630653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0148607195019002127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0148607195019002127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0148607195019002127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-6071","1941-2444"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-6071","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-2444","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]}}}