{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T12:12:39Z","timestamp":1782216759085,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CAUGHE23GO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAUGHE23GO"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrason Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tracheal and distal airway imaging enhance the evaluation of mucociliary clearance (MCC) and respiratory health. Herein, we characterize in vivo pulmonary imaging performance of a microbubble (MB) contrast agent optimized for muco-adhesion. A three-way crossover trial (12 mice, 3 imaging timepoints each) was conducted to evaluate tracheal ultrasound image enhancement following oropharyngeal instillation of standard MBs, our optimized MB formulation (TAP-cationic MBs), and lipid solution control. The feasibility of delivering our TAP-cationic MBs as an aerosol to the distal airways was also evaluated using a porcine model. Contrast imaging procedures were well-tolerated by both animal models. In mice, tracheal delineation was comparably enhanced with TAP-cationic MBs (contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]: 42.26\u2009dB) and standard MBs (CNR: 45.09\u2009dB). Both exceeded lipid solution control (CNR: 11.9\u2009dB,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). In the porcine model, nebulized administration of TAP-cationic MBs yielded MB accumulation in the distal airways visible on transcutaneous ultrasound. Modifying the standard MB formulation to optimize muco-adhesion does not diminish image enhancement when administered oropharyngeally as a liquid solution, and when administered as an aerosol, TAP-cationic MBs deposit, and can be visualized in the distal lung airways. These findings support further development of MB contrast agents for pulmonary applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01617346251384609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T11:50:17Z","timestamp":1761997817000},"page":"124-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["In Vivo Performance of Airway and Lung Ultrasound Enhanced via Inhalable Contrast Agents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6226-3455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Weitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lampe Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip W.","family":"Clapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip G.","family":"Durham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lampe Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lampe Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"},{"name":"Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James K.","family":"Tsuruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lampe Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1846-7680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueh Z.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Dayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lampe Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8433-5147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa C.","family":"Caughey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1813799"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00004.2021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13110974"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200703-042BR"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-80933-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043891"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2018.2850811"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12206494"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2021.3137125"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201807-485AW"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Clapp PW Durham PG Antinori JC et al. Feasibility of an inhalable ultrasound contrast agent to enhance airway imaging. BioRxiv. 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