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Multilevel multinomial logistic modeling was used to analyze the risk factors and changes of undermet needs over time. The results show that the prevalence of slightly undermet needs decreased in urban China from 2005 to 2008. However, the prevalence of undermet needs remained high; 50% or more for both rural and urban residents. Compared to 2005, the likelihood of having slightly undermet needs in 2008 significantly decreased by 28% among rural residents and 22% among urban residents. The common risk factors of undermet needs among rural and urban residents included financial dependence, living alone, having unwilling caregivers, more ADL disabilities, and having poor self-rated health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027514524257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,3]],"date-time":"2014-03-03T23:11:46Z","timestamp":1393888306000},"page":"148-170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Undermet Needs for Assistance in Personal Activities of Daily Living Among Community-Dwelling Oldest Old in China From 2005 to 2008"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Rong","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Economics Research Center and School of Economics, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Global Health Institute, and Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0164027514524257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199711000-00005"},{"key":"bibr2-0164027514524257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.10.027"},{"key":"bibr3-0164027514524257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02529200802288369"},{"key":"bibr4-0164027514524257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/psp.437"},{"key":"bibr5-0164027514524257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264310387132"},{"key":"bibr6-0164027514524257","unstructured":"China National Committee on Ageing. 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