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This study, adopting a family obligation perspective, examined whether contemporaneous bidirectional exchange predicts elevated depressive symptoms net of directional transfer intensity, and extended \u201cbidirectionality\u201d from a binary indicator to a multidimensional structural attribute. Using CHARLS panel data, we found that higher directional transfer intensity was associated with fewer depressive symptoms, whereas bidirectional co-occurrence was positively associated with depressive symptoms and persisted in lagged models. Multidimensional operationalization further showed that this positive association held independent of total intensity: entering a bidirectional structure was linked to more severe symptoms, potentially reflecting the psychological costs of simultaneously occupying \u201csupporter\u201d and \u201cdependent\u201d roles, while the synergistic interaction between received and provided intensities exhibited a mitigating effect. These findings clarify that the existence, structural entry, and synergy of bidirectional exchange constitute separable effect dimensions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01640275261469200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T04:35:51Z","timestamp":1783571751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bidirectional Financial Exchange and Late-Life Depression: Beyond Net Resource Flows to Exchange Structure"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7327-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoxuan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0958928707081068"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4887"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnt210"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2002.00568.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/352993"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Intergenerational support and later life health: Associations by role, type and direction of support","volume":"88","author":"Bertogg A.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bertogg A., Manzoni A. (2025). Intergenerational support and later life health: Associations by role, type and direction of support. 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Babaei Khorzoughi K. Rahmati M. (2024). The association between intergenerational relationships and depression among older adults: A comprehensive systematic literature review. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 119 Article 105313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105313"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/231213"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/61.5.S256"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2017.37.55"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su H. Ye T. Wang H. (2026). Dynamic intergenerational support and anxiety-depression in aging: Insights from latent transitions to symptom networks. 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Effect of intergenerational exchange patterns and intergenerational relationship quality on depressive symptoms in the elderly: An empirical study on CHARLS data. 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